The text is "FederalPress". July 2015
On the eve of the Medical Day, the Institute for Strategic Communications and Social Projects found out how the healthcare system works in the regions of Russia. In which areas more attention is paid to the health of Russians, and where residents have to be treated with grandmother's methods. Of course, in memory of the singer Zhanna Friske, FederalPress could not help but touch upon the topic of cancer. Where this disease was "registered" more strongly - in our study.
On the eve of the Medical Day, the Institute for Strategic Communications and Social Projects found out how the healthcare system works in the regions of Russia. In which areas more attention is paid to the health of Russians, and where residents have to be treated with grandmother's methods. Of course, in memory of the singer Zhanna Friske, FederalPress could not help but touch upon the topic of cancer. Where this disease was "registered" more strongly - in our study.
Cancer does not go to the North
The least cancer patients are in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug: 137 new cancer patients are registered annually per 100 thousand of the population, which, of course, does not allow us to say that the cancer problem in Yamal can be taken lightly, but compared to other regions of the country, the statistics of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug are the best. Also, the leaders are three Caucasian republics - Ingushetia, Dagestan, Chechnya and one Siberian - Tuva. The average Russian indicator is 374 registered cases per one hundred thousand population per year, but the worst of all is in the Central Federal District. So, in the Yaroslavl region 487 people (out of a hundred thousand) hear a terrible diagnosis, followed by the Orel, Ryazan and Kaluga regions.
To assess the efforts of doctors, consider such an indicator as the proportion of patients with stage I or II cancer among all newly registered patients. It will show how quickly cancer is detected, which indirectly allows you to judge the quality of medical examinations and the care of diagnosticians. The leader in this indicator is the Voronezh Region. For 36 patients with advanced stages, there are 64 people, whose chances of survival are estimated to be much higher. We also note the doctors of the Samara, Saratov, Murmansk, Belgorod, Lipetsk regions and Altai Territory. But in the Nenets Autonomous Okrug and Ingushetia, the situation is the opposite: among all new cancer patients, only 27% and 33%, respectively, learned about their illness on time. The situation is not much better in Buryatia, Kalmykia, Yakutia and the Republic of Mari El. The national average is 50.8%. This means that only half of the people who were struck by a terrible ailment learn about it at stages I and II of the disease.
Let's move on to the saddest columns in the table. In 2013, 291,775 people died from cancer. 203 die per one hundred thousand people a year. If we compare the Russian regions, then the range of indicators is quite large. Approximately 270 people a year (for the same hundred thousand people) die in the Kurgan and Tula regions, slightly less in the Vladimir and Orel regions. Ingushetia, Dagestan, Chechnya and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug with numbers from 46 to 75, in other regions - more than 100 look relatively prosperous against their background.
Methodology
To compile a single table, we decided to combine the two most significant indicators - the incidence rate and the death rate from cancer. We chose an inverted scale, the regions with the largest numbers received zeros, and if there were cancer-free regions in Russia, they would receive tens. For the final figure, we took the average of the two indicators. Thus, the higher our estimate, the less threat to the inhabitants of this or that constituent entity of the Russian Federation is cancer.
The Yaroslavl, Oryol, Kurgan, Ryazan and Tula regions turned out to be the least prosperous regions in terms of cancer statistics. In the top ten there are seven regions of the center of Russia (also Tver, Ivanovo and Kursk regions), one Ural region (Kurgan region), one region of the Northwestern Federal District (Novgorod region) and one Siberian (Altai Territory). Nevertheless, among the federal districts, the worst situation is still in the North-West, and the Central Federal District is in second place. The best statistics in Russia in the North Caucasus Federal District - Ingushetia, Dagestan and Chechnya occupy the first, third and fourth places, respectively; Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Tuva, Yakutia and Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra can also be called relatively prosperous regions. The best region, not counting the mountainous and northern ones, is the Republic of Bashkortostan, it takes only 14th place.
Doctors case
The richest region of the Russian Federation with doctors is the city of St. Petersburg. There are 33,200 doctors working in the northern capital, which is more than 75 per ten thousand inhabitants. The closest persecutors, the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug and North Ossetia, have this figure barely exceeding 70, and in Moscow, which ranks fourth, - 65. In general, in Russia the average figure is 44.7 doctors per ten thousand people. This is quite a lot by international standards - for example, in France there are 37 doctors per ten thousand people, in Israel - 36, in Germany - 35, in many developed countries it is even less: in the USA - 27, and in Great Britain and Japan - only 21. The statistics are slightly better in Belarus, where 49 out of ten thousand people wear white coats, and the world leader is Cuba with 64.
The American level for Russia is considered low - such figures are for outsider regions. The greatest shortage of doctors is in the Kurgan region and Chechnya (26 per ten thousand inhabitants), the Tula and Vladimir regions, the Jewish Autonomous Region (28 each).
If we consider not the personnel, but the material and technical base, then remote regions are at the top of the rating. In terms of the provision of hospital beds, the leaders are Chukotka, Magadan Region, Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Sakhalin and Kamchatka Regions, the Republics of Yakutia and Tuva - in these regions, ten thousand people have more than a hundred beds in hospitals (and in Chukotka there are almost 150). From the regions of the European part of Russia, the Smolensk, Oryol regions and the Republic of Mari El should be noted. The worst of all is in Ingushetia, Tatarstan and the Leningrad region (residents of the latter, however, can count on hospitals in St. Petersburg). For Russia, 81 beds per ten thousand people are considered normal.
It should be noted that the Far Eastern Federal District is the leader in terms of the provision of the population with hospitals - there are 68 institutions providing medical care per million people, while the average for Russia is 50.7. Least of all hospitals are in the Central Federal District (43.4) and in the Volga region (47.4). If we consider individual regions, the Nenets Autonomous Okrug stands apart, in which there are 19 such institutions for 43 thousand inhabitants, which would correspond to 442 hospitals per million people. Then again Kamchatka and the Magadan region follow, among the more western and southern regions Kalmykia and the Novgorod region are in the lead.
Unsurprisingly, healthcare is expensive in distant regions. Consider such an indicator as the average cost per unit of volume of outpatient medical services. Ahead is again the Nenets Autonomous District, in which in 2011 one unit cost the state and insurers 1,178 rubles, more than 800 it cost in Chukotka, Kamchatka, in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. Apart from the northern and eastern regions, the most expensive service is in the capitals - 422 rubles in St. Petersburg, 410 in Moscow. Thus, medicine in the main cities of our country costs one and a half times more than the average in Russia. The most economical hospitals in Russia are in Dagestan, the Penza region and North Ossetia, where a visit to a doctor costs 110–120 rubles.
The healthcare system is lame
The second rating in our material is devoted to the state of health care in the regions of the country. To calculate a single estimate, we chose the following indicators: the number of doctors per capita, the provision of hospital beds, the number of medical institutions per capita, and the proportion of hospital premises in emergency condition. In each of these indicators, we chose the best value and equated it to 10 points. Thus, those regions whose figures are two times worse than those of the leaders received fives, five times worse - two. In the case of such an indicator as “provision of institutions providing medical care”, due to the exceptional numbers in the Nenets Autonomous District, we chose the second result as a benchmark. The final score represents the arithmetic mean of all four indicators.
As a result, in the consolidated rating of the state of health care, the leader was the Nenets Autonomous Okrug with a score of 7.9 points, the second place was taken by the Magadan Region (7.6), the third - by the Tomsk Region (6.5). The Tomsk Region can be called the winner among the regions with a significant population. Next in the ranking are St. 6.0). If you look at the top ten, it becomes clear that the Far East turned out to be the best among the federal districts.
The worst indicators are in the Kaliningrad (3.4), Pskov and Tula (3.5 each) regions. Dagestan, Tatarstan, Chelyabinsk, Kursk, Penza, Samara, Tambov and Moscow regions were also rated below 4. With a score of 4.4, the North Caucasus is in last place among the federal districts. Not much higher than the estimates of the Ural Federal District and the Volga Federal District.
