Vi. Operation of the substation of OPO
Quality control. Requirements for final documentation
94. The design documentation used for the repair, reconstruction or modernization of the substation, as well as the final documentation based on the results of the work performed, must include repair working drawings and, if necessary, a description of the sequence of works and the performance of critical operations.
95. An organization performing repair, reconstruction or modernization of a substation must perform the specified work in accordance with the developed technical specifications, if the specified requirements are absent in the manual (instructions) for the operation of the substation. In the case of welding, TU should be developed taking into account clauses 68 - 82 of these FNP and contain instructions on the metals and welding materials used, methods of welding quality control, norms for rejection of welded joints, as well as the procedure for accepting individual units and finished products from repair.
96. On the repair drawings of the elements of the substation metal structure, the following should be indicated:
damaged areas to be repaired or replaced;
materials used when replacing;
deformed elements and sections of elements to be corrected by straightening, with the appointment of a straightening method;
types of welded joints and methods of their implementation;
types of processing welds after welding;
methods and standards for control of welded joints (places subject to control or inspection);
permissible deviations from nominal dimensions.
97. Control of compliance by a specialized organization with the requirements of TU, repair drawings and production technology renovation works should be carried out by the service of the technical control department (hereinafter - QCD) of a specialized organization performing repair work.
98. Quality control of repair (reconstruction, modernization) of the substation must be confirmed by the Protocol. Quality control of the rail track repair must be confirmed by the rail track acceptance certificate (for substations moving on rails).
99. Upon completion of the repair, reconstruction or modernization of the substation, the specialized organization is obliged to make an entry in the substation passport reflecting the nature of the work performed, and provide information (copies of certificates) about the materials used.
100. An organization that has performed poorly repairs, reconstruction, bears responsibility in accordance with applicable law.
101. Implementation of construction installation works, loading and unloading works on existing communications, roadways or in cramped conditions at HIFs using PS should be carried out in accordance with the PPR developed by the operating or specialized organization, in accordance with the requirements of paragraphs 159 - 167 of these FNP.
The developer is responsible for the quality and compliance with industrial safety requirements of the PPR.
The operation of the substation with deviations from the PPR requirements is not allowed. Amendments to the PPR are carried out by the PPR developer.
102. Loading and unloading operations and warehousing of goods using PS at bases, warehouses, open areas, in cases, except for the cases specified in paragraph 101 of this FNP, must be carried out in accordance with the TC developed in accordance with the requirements of paragraphs 159 - 167 of these FNP.
The developer is responsible for the quality and compliance with the industrial safety requirements of the TC.
The operation of the substation with deviations from the requirements of the TC is not allowed. Changes to the TC are carried out by the TC developer.
103. Installation of substation in buildings, in open areas and other areas of work should be carried out in accordance with the manual (instruction) for the operation of the substation and the requirements of these FNP.
104. The device of the rail track for the installation of the substation must be made in accordance with the project developed taking into account the requirements of the manual (instructions) for the operation of the substation and paragraphs 202 - 218 of these FNP.
105. The cranes should be installed in such a way that when lifting the load, it is excluded the need for its preliminary pulling when the cargo ropes are inclined and there would be a possibility of moving the load raised at least 500 mm higher than equipment, stacks of cargo, rolling stock sides encountered on the way.
The booms of the cranes, when turning or moving, must also be at least 500 mm higher than equipment and objects on the way.
When installing cranes controlled from the floor or by radio, a free passage must be provided for the worker operating the crane.
106. Installation of cranes over production premises for lifting and lowering loads through a hatch (opening) in the ceiling is allowed when one room is located directly above another.
The hatch in the ceiling must have a permanent guardrail with a height of at least 1000 mm with a continuous guardrail down to a height of 100 mm with a mandatory light signaling device (luminous inscription), warning both about the presence of a load above the hatch and about lowering the load, as well as the presence of inscriptions, prohibiting the presence of people under the cargo being moved.
Installation of stationary electric hoists or winches over production facilities for lifting loads through a hatch in the ceiling is not allowed.
107. Installation of cranes moving on an elevated rail track must be carried out in compliance with the following requirements:
a) the distance from the top point of the crane to the ceiling of the building, the bottom chord of the trusses or items attached to them must be at least 100 mm;
b) the distance from the flooring of the platforms and the gallery of the supporting crane, with the exception of the flooring of the end beams and trolleys, to the continuous overlap or filing of the roof, to the lower chord of the rafter trusses and the items attached to them, as well as to the bottom point of the crane working tier above, should be at least 1800 mm;
c) the distance from the protruding parts of the ends of the crane to the columns, walls of the building and the railings of the walk-through galleries must be at least 60 mm. This distance is set when the crane wheels are symmetrically positioned relative to the rail;
d) the distance from the lowest point of the crane (not counting the lifting device) to the floor of the workshop or sites where people can be during crane operation (except for sites intended for crane repair) must be at least 2000 mm. The distance between the lower dimension point of the crane cabin and the workshop floor must be at least 2000 mm or (in justified cases) from 500 to 1000 mm;
e) the distance from the lower protruding parts of the crane (not counting the lifting device) to the equipment located in the area of operation must be at least 400 mm;
f) the distance from the protruding parts of the control cabin and the cabin for servicing trolleys to the wall, equipment, pipelines, protruding parts of the building, columns, roofs of utility rooms and other objects relative to which the cabin moves, must be at least 400 mm.
108. The horizontal distance between the protruding parts of the crane moving along the ground crane track and buildings, stacks of cargo and other objects located at a height of up to 2000 mm from the ground level or working platforms must be at least 700 mm, and at a height of more than 2000 mm - not less than 400 mm.
The vertical distance from the counterweight console or from the counterweight located under the tower crane console to areas where people can be located should be at least 2000 mm.
109. Installation of electric hoists and monorail trolleys with automatic or semi-automatic control, in which the specified substation is not accompanied by a crane operator or operator, should exclude the possibility of the load touching building elements, equipment and stacks of cargo.
The presence of people should be excluded on the route of the specified SS. Above the carriageway and above the walkways for people, safety ceilings (mesh) must be installed, capable of withstanding the falling load.
110. The installation of cranes moving along a rail track in the security zone of overhead power lines must be agreed with the owner of the line. The approval for such an installation for the performance of construction and installation works should be kept together with the PPR.
111. Installation of boom-type cranes, hoists (towers) should be carried out on a planned and prepared site, taking into account the category and nature of the soil. It is not allowed to install a boom-type crane, a hoist (tower) for working on freshly filled, un-rammed soil, as well as on a site with a slope exceeding that specified in the passport.
112. The installation of the jib crane should be carried out so that during operation the distance between the slewing part of the crane in any position and buildings, piles of cargo and other objects is at least 1000 mm.
113 ... If it is necessary to install a jib or railway crane, loader cranes, hoists (towers) on the outriggers, PS are installed on all available outriggers. Strong and stable pads must be placed under the supports in accordance with the operational documentation.
114. Jib cranes, manipulator cranes, hoists (towers), pipe-laying cranes at the edge of the pit slope (ditches) must be installed in compliance with the distances specified in Table 2 given in Appendix No. 2 to this FNP. With a pit depth of more than 5 m and if it is impossible to comply with the distances indicated in the table, the slope must be strengthened in accordance with the PPR.
115. Installation and operation of boom-type cranes, hoists (towers), pipe-laying cranes at a distance of less than 30 m from the end wire of a power transmission line or overhead electrical network with a voltage of more than 42 V are carried out only according to a permit that determines safe working conditions.
When performing work in the security zone of the power transmission line or within the gaps established by the Rules for the protection of high-voltage electrical networks, a work permit is issued only with the permission of the organization operating the power transmission line.
The order of operation of cranes, hoists (towers) or pipe-laying cranes near a power transmission line made with a flexible insulated cable is determined by the owner of the line. In this case, the issuance of an admission order is not required.
The validity period of the work permit is determined by the organization that issued it.
The permit is issued to the operator of the hoist (tower) or crane operator before starting work.
The execution of construction, installation or loading and unloading works (the latter, only in cases where it is necessary to organize over existing communications, the carriageway of streets or in cramped conditions) with the use of a substation should be carried out according to a work production project (PPR) developed by a specialized organization, in in accordance with applicable regulations. In the PPR with the use of PS, in the general case, it should be provided:
compliance with the requirements specified in subparagraph 4.2.2 of these FNP;
compliance with the requirements for the installation and operation of the substation near the slopes of the pits;
determination of the conditions for the safe operation of several substations on one crane rail track or parallel tracks;
ensuring safe distances from networks and overhead power lines, places of movement of urban transport and pedestrians, as well as safe distances for the SS to approach buildings and places where construction parts and materials are stored;
ensuring safe distances from the bottom of the transported cargo to the most vertically protruding parts of a building or structure;
ensuring safe distances from the boom, platform, cradle, counterweight console to the most protruding parts of the building or structure:
substantiation of the list of used load-handling devices with graphic images (diagrams) of cargo slinging;
allocation on the PPR plan of places and dimensions of storage of goods, areas of access roads;
provision of measures for the safe production of work, taking into account the specific conditions on the site where the substation is installed (for example, the creation of fences construction site, mounting area or a separate area).
Loading and unloading operations and warehousing of goods using PS at bases, warehouses, open areas, except for the cases stipulated in subparagraph 10.1.1. of these FNP, must be carried out according to flow charts (TC), developed taking into account the requirements normative documents.
Additional requirements for the installation of the substation are set out in clause 10.4 of these FNP.
The installation of jib cranes and other mobile substations (except for substations on a rail track) should be carried out on a planned and prepared site, taking into account the category and nature of the soil.
The installation of a substation for work on freshly poured, not tamped soil, as well as on a site with a slope exceeding that specified in its passport, is not allowed.
10.1.4. The installation of a substation in the security zone of overhead power transmission lines (PTL) is agreed with the owner of the PTL. A permit for such an installation to perform construction, installation or handling works is stored together with the PPR.
10.1.5. Before being admitted to work at the facility, the workers serving the substation are instructed in industrial safety. By the nature and timing of industrial safety briefings, they are subdivided into introductory (when hiring, when switching to a new workplace), primary (before starting work, in accordance with the next PPR or TC), repeated (once a year, if you continue to work at that workplace) and unscheduled (if any violations or inconsistencies with industrial safety requirements are detected in the activities of a specific employee).
Development of training programs, registration of their results is carried out in the manner prescribed by the owner or employer (organization operating the PS).
10.1.6. When moving aircraft cargo, the following requirements must be observed:
start lifting the load to a preliminary height of no more than 200-300 mm, followed by a stop to check the correct slinging and the reliability of the brake;
do not move the load when people are under it. It is allowed for the slinger to be near the load during its lifting or lowering, if the load is raised to a height of no more than 1000 mm from the level of the platform;
move small-piece loads only in a special container designed for this, in order to exclude the possibility of individual parts of the load falling out. Moving bricks on pallets without fencing is allowed only when unloading (loading) vehicles on the ground (and from the ground);
do not start lifting a load whose mass is unknown;
carry out horizontal movement of the load (as well as an empty load-handling device or load-handling device) 500 mm higher than objects encountered on the way;
lower the load being moved only to the designated place, where the possibility of falling, overturning or sliding of the dropped load is excluded. For easy removal of slings from under the load, its lowering and storage should be carried out on pads of appropriate strength and thickness. Stowage and subsequent disassembly of the cargo should be carried out evenly, without violating the dimensions established for storing the cargo, and without blocking the aisles;
during a long break or at the end of work, do not allow the load to be suspended. At the end of the work, the substation must be brought into a safe position in an inoperative state;
it is allowed to tilt cargo using PS only on tilting platforms, according to a previously developed PPR.
finding people near a working jib crane or other mobile substation in order to avoid being pinched between the swivel part of the substation and other fixed structures;
moving a load in an unstable position or suspended by one horn of a two-horned hook;
lifting a load covered with earth or frozen to the ground, laid by other loads, bolted or filled with concrete, as well as metal and slag frozen in a furnace or welded after being drained;
pulling the load along the ground, floor or rails by means of substation hooks with an inclined position of the cargo ropes (without the use of guide blocks that ensure the vertical position of the cargo ropes);
release of slings, ropes or chains pinched by the load with the use of PS;
pulling the load during its lifting, moving and lowering. Guys can only be used to turn long and bulky goods during their movement;
alignment of the transported load by hand, as well as changing the position of the slings on the suspended load;
delivery of cargo to window openings, balconies and loggias without special receiving areas or special devices;
the use of freight containers for transporting people;
finding people under the boom of the SS when lifting and lowering it without load;
lifting the load directly from the place of its installation (from the ground, platform, stack, etc.) only by lifting and telescoping boom mechanisms;
the use of limit switches (limit switches) as working elements for automatic stopping of mechanisms, except for the case when the overhead crane approaches the landing site arranged at the end of the building;
PS work with disconnected or inoperative limiters, indicators and brakes;
switching on the crane mechanisms when people are on the PS swing platform outside the cab;
movement of people by freight construction hoists;
moving the chassis of the lift (tower) with people or cargo in the cradle;
raising and lowering the cradle by the lift, if the entrance to the dog is not closed to the locking device;
dropping tools, loads and other objects from a cradle at a height.
Without installing a key - a brand installed in the PS control panel, the inclusion of its electrical control circuit should be excluded.
10.1.9. If the substation is equipped with two control panels (for example, from the cab and by radio), the control system of the substation must exclude the possibility of simultaneous control from both consoles, as well as spontaneous activation of the control system from a control panel that is not used by the crane operator (operator).
10.1.10. When operating a substation controlled from the floor, along the entire route of the substation, a free passage must be provided for the employee operating the substation.
10.1.11. Crane outputs rail tracks and galleries of overhead cranes in operation must be locked.
The issuance of the key to the lock and the admission of workers serving the substation, crane rail tracks and walk-through galleries must be carried out according to a permit-admission that determines the conditions for the safe production of work.
The procedure for issuing a work permit and instructing employees is determined by the owner (or the organization operating the PS). The crane operators of all changes of the bay, the workshop where the work is carried out, and, if necessary, the crane operators of adjacent aisles, must be informed about the upcoming work on crane rail tracks or walkways.
10.1.12. For each workshop (span) that is not equipped with walk-through galleries along the crane rail track, where bridge cranes work, measures are developed to safely lower the crane operators from the cab when the crane is forced to stop not at the landing site. These measures are indicated in the production instructions for crane operators.
10.1.13. Bridge cranes, but at the decision of the owner (or the organization operating the substation), can be used (from the sites available on the crane) for the production of construction, painting and other works. Such work is carried out according to an allowance that determines industrial safety measures that prevent a fall from a crane caused by a sudden start of movement of a crane or its load trolley, collision with a neighboring crane, as well as electric shock, falling when entering crane rails or crane girders.
Usage overhead crane for the movement of goods (when performing the specified work from the sites of its bridge) is not allowed.
10.1.14. Substation in operation must be provided with plates indicating the registration number, rated carrying capacity and the date of the next full technical survey.
10.1.15. The owners (or organizations operating the substation) must ensure that the following industrial safety requirements are met:
to determine the procedure for the allocation and direction of jib cranes and other mobile substations (except for substations on a rail track) to facilities, according to employers' applications, as well as to ensure the execution of completed applications;
ensure and maintain the operable state of the substations that are inoperative at the facility after receiving information from the employer about the completion of the work (before the start of dismantling). At the same time, disconnect the PS from the power source and take measures to prevent it from being hijacked by the wind;
ensure the testing of indicators, limiters and PS recorders within the time limits established by the relevant manuals (instructions) for operation;
establish the procedure for sealing and locking the protective panels of tower cranes;
provide entry to and descent from overhead cranes through the landing site.
to develop and issue to the place of work the PPR or TC (in accordance with the instructions of subparagraphs 10.1.1, 10.1.2 and paragraph 11.4. of these FNP), cargo storage schemes, schemes of loading and unloading vehicles, incl. rolling stock (last, when in use);
to acquaint (against receipt) with the PPR and TC the persons responsible for the safe production of substation work, crane operators (operators), work cradles and slingers;
to provide the slingers with tested and marked load-handling devices and containers corresponding to the mass and nature of the transported goods;
to determine stationary sites and places for storage of goods, provided for by the PPR or TC, equip them with the necessary technological equipment and devices (cassettes, pyramids, racks, ladders, stands, linings, gaskets, etc.);
establish the procedure for the exchange of signals between drivers, crane operators, slingers and cradle workers, in accordance with the requirements of paragraph 10.10 of these FNP.
10.1.17. In places of constant loading and unloading of cars and gondola cars, stationary ramps or hinged platforms for slingers should be installed. Loading and unloading of gondola cars by hook substations must be carried out according to the technology approved by the owner (or the organization operating the substation), which determines the location of the slingers when moving goods, as well as the possibility of their exit to overpasses and hinged platforms.
The presence of people in gondola cars when lifting and lowering loads is not allowed.
10.1.18. The loading of the shipped goods into cars and other self-propelled vehicles should be carried out in such a way as to ensure a convenient and safe slinging of goods during their subsequent unloading.
It is not allowed to lower the load onto the car, as well as lift the load when people are in the back or the cab of the car.
10.1.19. Loading and unloading of gondola cars, platforms, cars and other vehicles must be carried out without disturbing their balance.
It is prohibited to load packages of pipes or rolled metal, strapped for metal twists of packages made of soft steel wire.
10.1.20. Lifting and moving cargo by several substations is allowed only according to the PPR or TC developed by a specialized organization.
When lifting and moving cargo by several substations, the load on each of them should not exceed the carrying capacity of the substation.
Work on the movement of cargo by several substations is carried out under the direct supervision of the person responsible for the safe performance of work, while he is assigned full responsibility and possible risks associated with the performance of these operations.
10.1.21. Moving loads over floors, under which production, residential or office premises are located, where people may be, is not allowed.
10.1.22. When lifting a load using a substation installed near a wall, column, pile, railway carriage, machine tool or other equipment, it is not allowed to find people (including a slinger) between the load being lifted and the specified parts of the building or equipment. This requirement must also be met when lowering and moving the load.
10.1.23. No people are allowed in the operating area of the substation equipped with a grab or magnet. Ancillary workers serving such substations may be allowed to perform their duties only during breaks in the substation operation and after the grab or magnet has been lowered to the ground.
Workplaces with such substations should be fenced and marked with warning signs.
Using the grab to lift people or perform work for which the grab is not intended is prohibited.
10.1.24. When operating overhead cranes installed in several tiers, the condition for the cranes of the upper tier to pass over the cranes located below, only without load, with a hook (or lifting device) raised to the upper working position and set aside from the highest parts of the cranes of the lower tier.
10.1.25. Work from the lift cradle can be performed subject to the following requirements:
to enter and exit the cradle only when the cradle is in the lower position;
allow workers to find the cradle only in helmets and with safety belts fastened to the cradle structure elements;
do not exceed the established passport carrying capacity of the cradle by an excess of the standard increase in the number of workers and in the mass of simultaneously transported goods;
maintain constant communication during the operation of the lift between the workers of the cradle and the driver of the lift;
do not sit down or stand on the railing of the cradle when it is in the raised state, do not place objects on the floor of the cradle to increase the height of the work area.
10.1.27. The operation of the aircraft is prohibited if:
built-in diagnostics of failures of the limiter or pointer displays information about the malfunction on its board or display;
in the PS operation manual there is no section dedicated to limiters and indicators, or a separate operating manual for the limiter or index, drawn up in Russian. At the reasoned request of the operating organization, the PS developer is obliged to provide explanations of the provisions of the operating manual regarding limiters and indicators;
Before lifting and moving the load, the crane operator (operator) of the substation must make sure that during this lifting and movement the substation will not overload and / or collide with any obstacles. The presence of a limiter or indicator does not relieve the crane operator of responsibility for possible accidents at the substation.
10.1.29. Before starting work, the crane operator (operator) of the substation is obliged to check the compliance of the substation configuration parameters set in the limiters and indicators (the presence of an extension boom (jib), the frequency of the reeving of the cargo chain hoist, the position of the supports, etc.) to their real state, if these parameters are displayed on the indicators delimiters or pointers.
10.1.30. When performing work in cramped conditions, the crane operator (operator) of the substation is obliged to install the coordinate protection of the substation, or make sure that it is installed.
The crane operator (operator) is responsible for the collision of the aircraft with a fixed obstacle with an undefined coordinate protection.
10.1.31. Limiters and indicators should not be used for commercial accounting of the weight of loads (materials) moved by a crane.
10.2. Registration and commissioning.
10.2.1. Registration of facilities where substations are operated must be carried out in accordance with the Rules for the registration of facilities in the state register of hazardous production facilities, approved by a government decree Russian Federation dated 24.11.98 No. 1371 12.
10.2.2. All types of PSs listed in clause 1.3 of these FNP, with the exception of those specified in subparagraph 10.2.3 of the FNP PS, are subject to registration with the Rostechnadzor authorities prior to commissioning.)
10.2.3. The following PS are not subject to registration with the Rostechnadzor authorities:
A) bridge-type cranes and jib cranes with a lifting capacity of up to 10 tons inclusive, controlled from the floor by means of a push-button device suspended from a crane, or from a stationary console;
B) jib cranes with a lifting capacity of up to 1 t inclusive;
B) jib cranes with constant reach or not equipped with a slewing mechanism;
D) movable cranes for the installation of masts, towers, pipes, installed on the erected structure;
E) bridge cranes and tower cranes used for educational purposes on training grounds of educational institutions;
E) cranes installed on excavators, crushing and handling units, spreaders and other technological machines, used only for the repair of these machines;
G) electric hoists with a carrying capacity of up to 10 tons inclusive, used as independent substations;
H) interchangeable load-gripping bodies, removable load-gripping devices and containers.
10.2.4. Registration of cranes with the Rostekhnadzor authorities is carried out according to a written application from the owner and a crane passport.
The application must indicate that the owner of the substation has responsible specialists who have passed the knowledge test of these FNP and a trained employee for servicing the substation, and it must also be confirmed that the technical condition of the substation allows its safe operation.
When registering a bridge crane, portal, tower (except for the fast-mounted crane 13, an act confirming the execution of installation work in accordance with the installation instructions for the substation, signed by the responsible representative of the organization that installed the substation, must be attached to the passport.
When registering an overhead crane, a drawing of its installation must be attached to the passport, indicating the location of the main trolleys (with trolley power supply) and the landing area for entering the crane. The safe installation distances must comply with the requirements of the PS installation instructions.
When registering a substation moving along an overhead crane rail track, a certificate must be provided that the crane rail track is designed for the operation of this substation.
For substations installed at berths, a certificate of the admissibility of such an installation must be provided.
If the counterweight and ballast slabs for tower and portal cranes are manufactured by the owner of the crane, an acceptance certificate for the slabs must be submitted indicating their actual weight.
When registering a PS that has worked out the standard service life, an industrial examination report on the possibility of its further operation must be submitted.
10.2.5. Registration with the Rostechnadzor authorities of a PS that does not have a passport can be made on the basis of a duplicate passport drawn up by a specialized expert organization.
10.2.6. PS are subject to re-registration after:
A) reconstruction or modernization;
B) repair, if a new passport was drawn up at the substation;
C) transfer of the PS to another owner;
D) rearrangement of railroad substations (except for tower ones) to a new location.
10.2.7. When registering a substation that has undergone reconstruction or modernization, a new passport, drawn up by the organization that carried out the reconstruction or modernization, or an old passport with changes must be submitted. The following documentation must be attached to the passport:
A) a certificate of the nature of the work performed, signed by a specialized organization that drew up the reconstruction project;
B) new characteristics and drawings general view PS with main overall dimensions, if they have changed;
B) basic electrical and hydraulic circuit, when they change;
D) kinematic diagrams of mechanisms and ropes storage diagrams when they are changed;
E) copies of certificates for metal used in the reconstruction of the substation;
F) information on the used welding consumables;
G) information on the results of quality control of welding of metal structures;
H) act on checking the performance of indicators, limiters and recorders;
I) an act of carrying out a complete technical examination.
10.2.8. In case of refusal to register a PS, the reasons for refusal must be indicated in writing with reference to the relevant articles of these FNP and other regulatory documents.
10.2.9. When sending a substation to work in other regions (districts) for a period of more than 3 months, the owner is obliged to inform the Rostechnadzor body in which the substation is registered, indicating the registration number of the substation, the destination and for how long it is sent.
Upon arrival of the substation at the site, the owner of the substation or (or the organization that will operate the substation) must put it on temporary registration with the Rostekhnadzor body, on the territory of which the work will be carried out, and, having submitted the PPR, obtain a permit for the operation of the substation.
10.2.10. PS is subject to deregistration with Rostechnadzor authorities in the following cases:
A) when it is written off and sent for disposal;
B) when transferring it to another owner;
C) after the completion of the reconstruction or modernization, with its further transfer to the category of unregistered.
Deregistration of a substation is carried out by Rostechnadzor bodies upon a written justified application of the substation owner with an entry in the passport about the reasons for deregistration.
10.2.11. Subsidiaries that are not subject to registration with Rostekhnadzor, as well as removable load-handling devices, removable load-handling devices and containers are supplied with an individual number and under this number are registered by their owner in the register of the substation.
10.2.12. Permission to use PS must be issued in accordance with the Rules of Application technical devices at hazardous production facilities approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 25.12.98 No. 1540 [14].
10.2.13. Permission to start operation of a substation subject to registration with Rostechnadzor authorities must be obtained from these authorities in the following cases:
A) before the start-up of a newly registered substation;
B) after installation caused by the installation of the substation at a new location (except for jib and fast-mounted tower cranes);
C) after reconstruction and modernization of the substation;
D) after repair with replacement of design elements of substation steel structures using welding 15.
10.2.14. Permission to start a substation into operation after its registration is issued by an inspector of Rostechnadzor based on the results of a full technical examination carried out by the owner (or organization operating the substation). At the same time, the condition of the substation (crane rail track) is checked, as well as the organization of supervision of cranes and their maintenance. The owner (or the organization operating the substation) is obliged to notify the Rostekhnadzor authorities about the upcoming launch of the substation at least 10 days in advance.
10.2.15. Permission to start operation of mobile substations (mobile cranes, pipe-laying cranes, hoists (except for construction), towers, manipulator cranes) after their relocation to a new facility is issued by an engineer responsible for the safe operation of the substation, based on the results of a condition check PS and ensuring the safe conditions of its work, with an appropriate entry in the logbook.
10.2.16. Permission to start operation of a newly manufactured jib crane supplied to the owner in assembled form is issued by Rostechnadzor authorities based on the results of crane testing at the manufacturer and a partial technical examination carried out by the owner. The results of the technical examination carried out must be supported by an entry in the crane passport.
10.2.17. A permit to start operation of a substation that is not subject to registration with Rostechnadzor authorities is issued by a specialist responsible for the safe operation of a substation on the basis of the manufacturer's documentation and the results of a full technical examination.
10.2.18. Permission to start operation of substations subject to registration with the Rostechnadzor authorities is recorded in their passport by the inspector of Rostechnadzor, and other substations - by the specialist responsible for the safe operation of the substation. A permit for the operation of removable load-handling devices, replaceable load-handling devices and containers is recorded in a special register and inspection log by a person responsible for the safe performance of substation work.
10.3. Supervision and maintenance
10.3.1. Production control for safe operation PS must be carried out in accordance with the Rules for the organization and implementation of production control over compliance with industrial safety requirements at a hazardous production facility, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation of March 10, 1999 No. 263 16.
10.3.2. The owners (or organizations operating the substation) are obliged to ensure their maintenance in a working condition and safe working conditions by organizing a proper survey, inspection, repair, supervision and maintenance.
For these purposes, there should be:
A) a procedure has been established for periodic inspections, maintenance and repairs to ensure the maintenance of cranes, crane tracks, load-handling devices and containers in good condition;
B) the procedure for training and periodic knowledge testing of employees serving the PS, as well as checking the knowledge of these FNP with responsible specialists, is established, as required by these FNP. With positive learning outcomes and knowledge testing, they should be issued with appropriate certificates;
D) job descriptions for responsible specialists and production instructions for workers, magazines, PPR, TC, slinging schemes, cargo storage and other regulations for the safe operation of the substation have been developed;
E) the supply of responsible specialists with safety rules, job descriptions and guidelines for the safe operation of the substation is ensured, and workers - with production instructions;
E) ensured that the responsible specialists fulfill these FNP, job descriptions, and workers - production instructions.
10.3.3. The size of the supervision service and its structure should be determined by the owner of the substation, taking into account their number and operating conditions.
During a vacation, business trip, illness, or in other cases when a specialist responsible for maintaining the PS in a working condition is absent, the fulfillment of his duties is assigned by order to the employee who replaced him in the position, who has the appropriate qualifications, has been trained and tested the knowledge of these FNP.
The owner of the PS must create conditions for the responsible specialist to perform the duties assigned to him.
10.3.4. Periodic verification of the knowledge of specialists in supervising the safe operation of the substation, specialists responsible for maintaining the substation in a working condition, and specialists responsible for the safe performance of work should be carried out at least once every 3 years by an enterprise commission or a training organization with the participation of a Rostechnadzor inspector, after training them on the appropriate programs.
10.3.5. For the management of the substation and their maintenance, the owner is obliged to appoint crane operators (operators), their assistants, locksmiths and adjusters of safety devices, and for servicing cranes with an electric drive, in addition, electricians.
10.3.6. An assistant crane operator (operator) should be appointed in the cases provided for in the operating manual of the substation, or if it is necessary according to local working conditions.
10.3.7. Driving a crane can be entrusted to a car driver after training him according to a program for training crane operators and certification by a qualification commission.
11.3.8. Training and certification of crane operators (operators) and their assistants, slingers, locksmiths, electricians and adjusters of indicators, limiters and recorders should be carried out in a professional and technical educational institutions, as well as in courses and in technical schools for training workers in these specialties, created in organizations that have a base for theoretical and industrial training. The training of workers in these specialties should be carried out according to programs developed by training centers and agreed with Rostekhnadzor.
11.3.9. Crane operators (operators) and their assistants who are transferred from one type of substation to another (for example, from a tower crane to an overhead crane or a crawler crane) must be trained and certified before being appointed to a position in the manner prescribed by these FNP. In this case, training can be carried out according to an abbreviated program agreed with the Rostechnadzor authorities.
10.3.10. Crane operators (operators) and their assistants, after a break in their specialty for more than one year, must pass a knowledge test at the qualification commission appointed by the owner of the vehicle, and in case of satisfactory test results, they can be admitted to an internship to restore the necessary skills.
10.3.11. The participation of a representative of Rostechnadzor bodies in the work of the qualification commission during the initial certification of crane operators, their assistants, adjusters of indicators, limiters and recorders, as well as slingers is mandatory. The Rostechnadzor authorities must be notified of the date of the examinations no later than 10 days in advance. Certification of other workers serving the substation can be carried out without the participation of an inspector of Rostechnadzor, by the qualification commission of the organization that conducted the training.
10.3.12. Re-examination of the knowledge of service workers (crane operators, their assistants, locksmiths, electricians, adjusters of indicators, limiters and recorders, as well as slingers) by the qualification commission should be carried out:
A) periodically, at least once every 12 months;
B) when the employee moves to another place of work;
C) at the request of a specialist in supervising the safe operation of a substation or an inspector of Rostechnadzor.
Re-examination of knowledge should be carried out in the scope of the production instructions. The participation of the Rostechnadzor inspector in the re-examination of the knowledge of the service worker is not necessary.
The results of certification and periodic testing of the employee's knowledge must be documented in a protocol with a mark in the certificate.
10.3.13. Persons who have passed the exams are issued appropriate certificates signed by the chairman of the qualification commission, and crane operators (operators, their assistants, adjusters of indicators, limiters and recorders, as well as slingers - signed by the chairman of the qualification commission and a representative of Rostechnadzor bodies. indicate the types of vehicles he is allowed to operate. A photo card must be glued into the license of the crane operator and slinger. This certificate must be carried with them during operation.
10.3.14. The admission to the work of crane operators, their assistants, locksmiths, electricians, adjusters of indicators, limiters and recorders, as well as slingers must be formalized by an order (decree) for the organization.
10.3.15. Workers of the main professions (machine operator, assembler, etc.) are allowed to operate the crane from the floor or from a stationary console and to hook the load onto the hook of such a crane after appropriate instruction and testing of skills in operating the crane and slinging loads in the manner prescribed by the owner of the substation. Workers who have a certificate who have completed training under the program for training crane operators (operators) in radio control of the SS are allowed to control the PS by radio.
10.3.16. For the correct maintenance of the substation, the owner is obliged to provide crane operators (operators), their assistants, locksmiths, electricians, adjusters of indicators, limiters and recorders, as well as slingers with production instructions that determine their duties, the procedure for safe work and responsibility. Work instructions must be issued to workers against a receipt prior to admitting them to work.
10.4. Work projects and flow charts
10.4.1. Basic requirements for construction management projects and projects for the production of work using PS
10.4.1.1. In the construction organization project (PIC) with the use of PS, 17 should be provided:
ensuring a safe distance from networks and overhead power lines, places of movement of public transport and pedestrians, as well as safe distances for the substation to approach buildings and places where construction parts and materials are stored;
conditions for the safe operation of several substations and other mechanisms located at the construction site;
warehouse sites.
compliance of the substation installed with the conditions of construction and installation works in terms of carrying capacity, lifting height and reach (load characteristic of the substation);
ensuring safe distances from networks and overhead power lines, places of movement of public transport and pedestrians, as well as safe distances for cranes to approach buildings and places where construction parts and materials are stored;
conditions for the installation and operation of the substation near the slopes of the pits;
conditions for the safe operation of several cranes on the same track and on parallel tracks with the use of appropriate indicators and limiters;
a list of used load-handling devices and graphic images (diagrams) of cargo slinging;
places and dimensions of storage of goods, access roads, etc .;
measures for the safe production of work, taking into account the specific conditions on the site where the substation is installed (fencing of the construction site, assembly area, etc.).
location of premises for sanitary and household services for builders, drinking facilities and recreation areas 18;
section of the building to its full height, with the position of the boom of the substation above the building (maximum and minimum outreach) and with a dotted line - the protruding metal structures of the substation when rotated by 180 °;
elevator top, parapet and machine room marks;
safe distances from the bottom of the transported load to the most vertically protruding parts of a building or structure (must be at least 0.5 m, and at least 2.3 m to floors and areas where people can be), taking into account the lengths (in height ) the slings used (and the size of the traverse);
safe distances from parts of the boom, counterweight console, taking into account the dimensions of the counterweight ballast blocks to the most vertically protruding parts of the building or structure;
the dimensions of the elements of a building or structure that are most protruding in the horizontal plane (cornices, balconies, fences, bay windows, canopies and entrances).
conditions for installing the lift on the site;
conditions for the safe operation of several lifts, incl. joint work of cargo and cargo-passenger lifts together with the work of front lifts, as well as joint work of these lifts and tower cranes;
measures for the safe performance of work, taking into account the specific conditions on the site where the lift is installed (fencing of the site, assembly area, etc.).
10.4.1.4. PPR using PS, TC for loading and unloading operations and other technological regulations are approved by the head of the organization performing the work, and are issued to the construction site 2 months before the start of the work provided for there, and to workshops, to bases, warehouses, sites - 2 days before the start of work.
10.4.1.5. Specialists responsible for the safe production of work with the use of PS, crane operators (operators), work cradles and slingers must be familiarized with the PPR against signature before starting the work.
10.4.2. Organization of safe work production
10.4.2.1. PPR and TC should include a section related to the organization of safe work with the use of PS. This section should include the following:
conditions for joint safe operation of various substations (for example, cranes and hoists, cranes and cranes and loader cranes, etc.);
conditions for the use of coordinate protection for the work of the substation;
conditions for lifting cargo by two or more substations;
the conditions for moving a crawler crane with a load, as well as the conditions for moving goods over the premises where construction, installation and other works are carried out;
conditions for installing substations over underground utilities;
conditions for supplying goods to floor openings;
an extract from the passport of the SS on the strength of the wind, at which its operation is not allowed;
conditions for organizing radio communication between the crane operator and the slinger;
requirements for the use of containers;
the operating procedure for cranes equipped with a grab or magnet;
measures to be taken in the presence of a dangerous zone in places of possible traffic and pedestrians.
other requirements set forth in clause 12.1 of these FNP and not included in the text of this article.
When overlapping (in plan) service areas of jointly operating tower cranes, it is necessary that their booms (and, accordingly, counterweight consoles) are at different levels (cranes of the same type must have a different number of tower sections).
The difference in levels of beam (horizontally located) booms or counterweight consoles, including suspension ropes and cargo ropes, must be at least 1 m (in the air). The conditions for the joint safe operation of tower cranes with lifting jibs must be specified in the PPR.
When several tower cranes are parked during non-working hours, it is necessary that the boom of any crane when turning could not touch the tower or boom, counterweight or suspension ropes of other cranes, while the distance between the cranes or their parts must be at least: horizontally - 2 m, vertically - 1 m. It is advisable to direct the booms of the cranes in one direction; if necessary, the cargo ropes can be loosened. The hook clip must be in the upper position, the load carriage at minimum reach, and the crane itself must be mounted on anti-theft clamps.
10.4.2.3. Crawler cranes can be moved with a load on the hook, and the load on the crane and the position of the boom must be set in accordance with the crane operating instructions.
The permissible mass of the transported load depends on the length of the boom and the position of the crane boom in relation to the direction of movement of the crane, while the movement of the load should be carried out at the minimum outreach.
The base on which the crawler crane moves with the load must have a hard coating that can withstand the specific pressure without subsidence, not less than the values specified in the passport or crane operating manual. The base must be level and have a slope not exceeding that specified in the crane operating manual.
It is advisable to move the load by a crawler crane at a height of no more than 0.5 m above the ground, keeping the load from swinging and turning with the help of guys, while people are not allowed between the load and the crane.
When moving off the crawler crane, it is necessary to first calm the load against swinging. It is forbidden to move the crane away with a load swinging on the hook.
10.4.2.4. The supply of goods to the openings (hatches) of floors and coverings should be carried out according to a specially developed PPR. When feeding the load into the openings (hatches) of floors and coverings, it is necessary to lower the load and raise the hook with slings on minimum speed without swinging them.
The distance between the edge of the opening (hatch) and the load (or the hook cage, if it falls into the opening (hatch)) must ensure free movement of the load (or hook cage) through the opening and must be at least 0.5 m.
When lifting the sling through the opening (hatch), all hooks must be hung on the detachable link, and the sling must be guided from below using a hemp rope; the hemp rope is detached from the sling after the sling is removed from the opening (hatch). The slinger can approach the load (move away from the load) when the load is lowered (raised) to a height of no more than 1 m from the level of the surface (platform) where the slinger is located.
At the place of reception (or dispatch) of goods supplied (or taken out) through the opening (hatch), as well as at the opening in the overlap (covering), light alarms (luminous inscriptions) are equipped, warning both about the presence of cargo above the opening (hatch) and about lowering it through the opening (hatch), as well as inscriptions and signs prohibiting people from being under the moving load.
The light signaling is located so that it cannot be damaged by the moving load or load handling devices.
Radio communication is established between the crane operator and the slinger who is out of sight of the crane operator.
The opening (hatch) through which the cargo is supplied must have a permanent fence with a height (distance from the level of the workplace to the lowest point of the upper horizontal element) of at least 1200 mm with a solid side board at the bottom to a height of at least 100 mm.
When the load is fed into the openings (hatches) through the interfarm space or through several ceilings when the openings (hatches) are located directly above each other, a shaft with smooth walls is equipped.
10.4.2.5. Installation of structures with a large windage and dimensions (stained-glass windows, trusses, partitions, wall panels, etc.), as well as installation in the area adjacent to the buildings (structures) in operation, refer to work in places of action of hazardous factors that, under wind force 10 m / s and above should stop.
10.5. Technical examination
10.5.1. Substation must undergo a full technical examination before being put into operation. Substations subject to registration with Rostekhnadzor bodies must undergo technical examination prior to their registration. The technical examination must be carried out in accordance with the PS operation manual.
In the absence of appropriate instructions in the management, the survey of the PS is carried out in accordance with this FNP.
10.5.2. PS during the standard service life must undergo a periodic technical survey:
A) partial - at least once every 12 months;
B) full - at least once every 3 years, with the exception of rarely used substations (substations for servicing machine rooms, electrical and pumping stations, compressor units, as well as other substations used only for equipment repair).
Rarely used cranes must undergo a full technical survey at least once every 5 years. The assignment of a substation to the category of rarely used is carried out by the owner in agreement with the Rostechnadzor authorities.
10.5.3. An extraordinary full technical examination of the aircraft should be carried out after:
A) installation caused by the installation of the substation at a new location (except for jib and fast-mounted tower cranes);
B) reconstruction or modernization of the substation;
C) repair of design elements of substation steel structures with replacement of elements or using welding;
D) installation of replaceable boom equipment or boom replacement;
E) overhaul or replacement of a cargo or boom winch;
E) replacement of the load-gripping body (only static tests are carried out);
G) replacement of carrying or cable-stayed ropes of cable-type cranes.
10.5.4. After replacing worn out cargo, boom or other ropes, as well as in all cases of re-hooking the ropes, a check should be made of the correctness of the re-placement and the reliability of fastening the ends of the ropes, as well as the tightening of the ropes with a working load, about which an entry in the crane passport should be made by the specialist responsible for the maintenance of the hoisting cranes in working order.
10.5.5. The technical examination of the substation should be carried out by a specialist in supervision of the safe operation of the substation with the participation of a specialist responsible for maintaining the substation in a working condition.
10.5.6. The technical survey aims to establish that:
A) the substation and its installation at the site of operation comply with the requirements of these FNP and the requirements of operational documentation;
B) The PS is in a state that ensures its safe operation.
10.5.7. With a full technical examination of the aircraft, in the general case, it should undergo:
A) inspection;
B) static tests;
C) dynamic tests.
With a partial technical examination, static and dynamic tests of the crane are not carried out.
10.5.8. During the technical examination of the PS, in general, its mechanisms, brakes, hydraulic and electrical equipment, indicators, limiters and recorders should be inspected and tested in operation.
In addition, during the technical examination of the crane, the following must be checked:
A) the condition of the metal structures of the crane and its welded (riveted, bolted) joints (no cracks, deformations, loosening of riveted and bolted joints, etc.), as well as the condition of the cab, stairs, platforms and fences;
B) the state of the hook, blocks. For substations transporting molten metal and liquid slag, for ladle lifting and tilting mechanisms, the revision of forged and stamped hooks and parts of their suspension, as well as parts for suspension of plate hooks, should be carried out by the factory laboratory using non-destructive testing methods.
During non-destructive testing, the absence of cracks in the threaded part of the forged (stamped) hook, the absence of cracks in the threaded part of the fork of the lamellar hook and in the axis of the connection of the lamellar hook with the fork or traverse must be checked. The necessity and frequency of checking the suspension parts are set by the owner.
The conclusion of the laboratory must be kept together with the passport of the PS;
B) the actual distance between the hook block and the stop when the limit switch is triggered and the lifting mechanism stops;
D) the state of the insulation of wires and grounding of the electrical substation with the determination of their resistance;
E) compliance with the drawing and the data of the passport of the aircraft of the actually installed mass of the counterweight and ballast;
E) the state of attachment of the axles and pins;
G) the condition of the crane rail track, its compliance with the SS operating manual, as well as the requirements of these FNP;
H) the condition of the ropes and their fastening to the requirements of the SS operation manual, as well as the requirements of these FNP;
I) the state of lighting and signaling;
K) the state of electrical grounding (for lifts);
I) testing the performance of catchers (for construction hoists);
E) checking the accuracy of stopping the cab with full working load and without load (for construction hoists).
Rejection rates of assembly units, PS mechanisms, steel ropes and crane rail track must be indicated in the operating manual of the substation. In the absence of relevant standards in the operating manual for the PS, the rejection is carried out in accordance with the requirements given in Appendices 4, 5 and 6 to the FNP PS.
10.5.9. Static tests should be carried out with the following loads (in relation to the rated capacity:
125% - for all types of substations (except for lifts);
200% - for cargo-passenger and facade construction lifts,
150% - for cargo construction hoists (with the load-carrying device not extended),
125% - the same, with the maximum extended load-carrying device;
150% - for other types of lifts (towers).
10.5.9.1. Static tests of an overhead crane are carried out as follows. The crane is installed over the supports of the crane runway, and its trolley (trolleys) - in the position corresponding to the greatest deflection of the bridge, the first high-altitude notch of the position of one of the belts of the main beam is made (with an optical device or a laser rangefinder). Then the control load is lifted by a crane to a height of 50-100 mm, a second notch is made in the position of the same belt of the main beam, and the crane is held in this position for 10 minutes. If an arbitrary lowering of the raised load is detected, the tests are terminated and their results are considered unsatisfactory.
After 10 minutes, the load is lowered, after which a third elevation notch is made of the position of the same belt of the main beam. If the value of the third measurement coincides with the first, there is no permanent deformation of the crane bridge, and the tests were successful.
Static testing of a gantry crane and an overhead crane is carried out in the same way as an overhead crane; at the same time, for a crane with consoles, each console is tested separately.
In the presence of residual deformation (lack of equality of the first and third measurements), which was the result of testing the crane with a load, the crane should not be allowed to work until a specialized organization clarifies the reasons for the deformation and determines the possibility of its further operation.
Static tests of cable cranes are performed in the same way as for bridge-type cranes, while monitoring the position of the load (which should be initially lifted above the ground for 30 minutes), as well as the position of the upper parts of the supports, which should not move horizontally while the test load is applied, and return to its original position when the test load is lowered.
10.5.9.2. Static tests of bridge-type cranes intended for servicing hydro and thermal power plants can be carried out using special devices (hydraulic loaders), which allow creating a test load without the use of a load.
It is forbidden to create loading of such cranes with an increasing load from a "dead" load, fixed through a dynamometer to a load-gripping device, due to short-term intermittent switching on of the lifting mechanism.
Other types of load tests are not carried out for such cranes.
10.5.9.3. Static tests of a boom crane having one or more load characteristics, during a periodic or extraordinary technical survey, are carried out in a position corresponding to the highest lifting capacity of the crane and / or the highest load moment.
Testing of cranes with replaceable boom equipment can be carried out with equipment installed on them for operation. After installing the replaceable boom equipment on the crane, the test is carried out in the position corresponding to the maximum lifting capacity of the crane with the equipment installed.
Tests of boom-type cranes that do not have a mechanism for changing the outreach (the boom is supported by a stretch) are carried out at the outreaches set for testing. With the same overhangs, subject to satisfactory results of the technical survey, the subsequent operation of the crane is allowed.
10.5.9.4. During static tests of boom-type cranes, the boom is set relative to the undercarriage in a position corresponding to the lowest design stability of the crane, and the load rises to a height of 50-100 mm.
The procedure for measuring residual deformations during the tests is similar to that described in subparagraph 10.5.9.1 of these FNP, with the only difference that the notches are made on the boom head.
The crane is considered to have passed the static tests if, within 10 minutes, the lifted load does not fall to the ground, and no cracks, permanent deformations or other damage to metal structures and mechanisms are found.
10.5.9.5. Static tests of a pipe-laying crane or a manipulator crane are carried out when it is installed on a horizontal platform in a position corresponding to the highest lifting capacity. After installing the replaceable boom equipment on the pipe-laying crane (manipulator crane), tests are carried out in the position corresponding to the highest lifting capacity, with the equipment installed. The load is lifted with a hook to a height of 50 - 100 mm from the ground and held for 10 minutes. A pipe-laying crane is considered to have passed the test if, within 10 minutes. the raised load did not lower, and no cracks, permanent deformations or other damage were found.
The measurement procedure is the same as described in subparagraph 10.5.9.4. real FNP.
10.5.9.6. During static tests of a construction hoist, the load must be on a stationary load-carrying device located at a height of no more than 150 mm above the level of the lower landing platform (ground).
A construction hoist is considered to have passed the static test if within 10 minutes. no displacement of the load-carrying device will occur, and no cracks, permanent deformations and other damage to metal structures and mechanisms will be detected.
10.5.9.7. Static tests of hoists (except for construction ones) are carried out when the hoist is installed on a horizontal platform in a position corresponding to its lowest design stability.
On lifts equipped with a cradle, a load with a mass equal to 110% of the nominal carrying capacity is placed in the cradle, and the second load with a mass equal to 40% of the nominal carrying capacity is suspended from the cradle on a flexible suspension. After the start of lifting and separation of the second load from the ground to a height of 50-100 mm, the lifting is stopped, followed by holding the total load for 10 minutes.
The measurement technique is similar to that set out in subparagraph 10.5.9.4 of these FNP.
In this case, the separation from the ground of one of the supports of the lift is not considered a sign of loss of stability.
The hoist is considered to have passed the test if, within 10 minutes, the raised load does not lower, and also if no damage is found in the metal structures. During the tests, any movements of the lift (except for lifting - lowering) with a load weighing 150% of the rated lifting capacity are prohibited.
10.5.10. Dynamic tests of the PS are carried out with a load, the mass of which is 10% higher than its rated carrying capacity, and are aimed at checking the operation of its mechanisms and brakes.
During dynamic tests of the substation, multiple (at least three to five times) lifting and lowering of the load is performed, as well as checking the operation of all other mechanisms when combining the working movements provided for in the operating instructions for the substation.
10.5.11. For a substation equipped with two or more lifting mechanisms, if their separate operation is provided, each mechanism must be tested for static and dynamic loads.
10.5.12. If the PS is used only for lifting and lowering the load (lifting gates at hydroelectric power plants), its dynamic tests are not carried out.
10.5.13. Tests of a substation with several removable load-gripping bodies must be carried out with the load-gripping body that was installed at the time of testing.
10.5.14. To carry out static and dynamic tests, the owner of the aircraft must ensure the availability of a set of test (control) weights with an indication of their actual mass.
If the tests are carried out upon completion of the repair, reconstruction or modernization of the substation on the territory of the repair enterprise, the test loads are provided by the owner of the repair enterprise.
10.5.15. On construction hoists, during a full technical survey, the operability of catchers (emergency stops) is additionally tested. These tests, carried out with an overload of 10%, are carried out in accordance with the methods given in the operational documentation:
for lifts equipped with speed limiters, from the actuation of these limiters,
for hoists that do not have a speed limiter, when simulating a hoisting rope break,
for rack and pinion lifts - when the brake release button is turned on.
10.5.16. Tests of catchers and emergency stops for all types of hoists should provide for stopping the load-carrying device without a person being in the immediate vicinity of the load-carrying device.
To exclude a hard impact when exceeding the braking distance recorded in the operating documentation, shock-absorbing devices must be provided.
10.5.17. The results of the technical examination of the PS are recorded in his passport by the specialist in supervision of the safe operation of the PS who carried out the survey, indicating the period of the next survey. When inspecting a newly mounted substation, an entry in the passport must confirm that the substation has been mounted and installed in accordance with the operating manual, these FNP, and has passed the tests.
An entry in the passport of a valid substation, subjected to a periodic technical examination, must confirm that the substation meets the requirements of these FNP, is in a working condition and has passed the tests. In this case, the permit for further operation of the substation is issued by a specialist in supervision of the safe operation of the substation.
The technical examination of the substation is allowed to be carried out by a specialized organization engaged in the repair, reconstruction and modernization of the substation.
Evaluation of compliance and performance of indicators, limiters and recorders of PS operation is performed in accordance with the instructions in clause 12.2. real FNP.
10.5.18. When performing a technical examination, an assessment of the operability of design elements of substation metal structures, mechanisms, control systems, etc. (in the presence of identified damage) is performed according to the methods and rejection indicators given in Appendix 8 of this FNP.
The assessment of the performance of steel ropes, chains, crane rail tracks, lifting devices is performed in accordance with paragraphs 10.6 - 10.8 of these FNP, and the assessment of the performance of indicators, limiters and recorders of the work of the substation is carried out in accordance with the instructions in paragraph 11.2. real FNP.
10.6. Steel ropes and chains
10.6.1. Steel ropes installed on the substation when replacing previously installed ones must correspond to the brand and breaking force specified in the Passport of the substation, have a certificate (certificate) or a copy of the certificate of the manufacturer of the ropes about their testing in accordance with GOST 3241 or GOST 18899.
Steel ropes that are not provided with a certificate (certificate) of their testing are not allowed for use.
It is allowed to use ropes made according to international standards, if by their purpose they correspond to the technology of using the PS, have a diameter equal to the diameter of the rope to be replaced, and the breaking force - not lower than that specified in the Passport of the PS for the rope to be replaced.
It is prohibited to replace steel ropes of a cross-lay with ropes of one-sided lay.
10.6.2. The fastening of the steel rope on the substation installed instead of the previously installed one must correspond to the previously adopted design of its fastening.
10.6.3. Compliance in terms of the utilization factor (safety factor) of steel ropes selected for replacement should be performed in accordance with the requirements of ISO 4308 by calculating the formula:
10.6.4. Rejection of steel ropes in operation should be carried out in accordance with Appendix 5 of these FNP.
10.6.5. Steel chains installed on the PS when replacing the previously installed ones must correspond to the brand and breaking force specified in the PS Passport, have a certificate (certificate) or a copy of the chain manufacturer's certificate of their testing.
It is allowed to use chains made according to international standards, if they correspond to the technology of using PS for their purpose, have a chain diameter and pitch equal to the diameter and pitch of the chain to be replaced, and the breaking force is not lower than that specified in the PS Passport for the chain being replaced.
Steel chains not provided with a certificate (test certificate) are not allowed for use.
Table 10.1
The minimum values of the coefficients of use of the ropes Z R
| Mechanism classification group according to ISO 4301/1 | Movable ropes | Fixed ropes |
| Z R |
||
| Ml | 3,15 | 2,50 |
| M2 | 3,35 | 2,50 |
| M3 | 3,55 | 3,00 |
| М4 | 4,00 | 3,50 |
| M5 | 4,50 | 4,00 |
| M6 | 5,60 | 4,50 |
| M7 | 7,10 | 5,00 |
| М8 | 9,00 | 5,00 |
10.6.6. Splicing of chains is allowed by electric welding of new inserted links or using special connecting links. After splicing, the chain shall be tested with a load 1.25 times its design pulling force for 10 minutes.
10.6.7. Rejection of steel chains in operation should be carried out in accordance with Appendix 6 of these FNP.
10.7. Crane rail track
10.7.1. The crane rail track for railroad substations (excluding railway cranes) must comply with the project developed by a specialized organization or manufacturer of the substation.
The crane rail track must provide free, without jamming, passage of the substations installed on it throughout the entire route.
The device and dimensions of stairs, landing platforms and galleries of overhead crane rail tracks must comply with the requirements of regulatory documents.
When installing an additional substation on an operating crane rail track, the latter must be checked for the admissibility of such a load.
The track of the railway crane must be arranged and maintained in accordance with the norms of Russian Railways.
10.7.2. The crane rail track of the substation (excluding the crane rail track of tower and railway cranes) and the rail track of cargo suspension trolleys or electric hoists, equipped with switches or turntables, as well as the transition points of the substation or its cargo trolley from one track to another must meet the following requirements:
A) ensure a smooth, without jamming, travel;
B) be equipped with locks with electric interlocking, excluding moving when the lock is unlocked;
C) have an automatically switched on blocking, which excludes the descent of the cargo cart (electric hoist) from the rail when it leaves the console of the undocked track section;
D) provide control of the transfer of the turnout or turning circle from the signal of the control system of the cargo trolley (electric hoist);
E) be equipped with a single switch for supplying voltage to the trolleys (or electrical cable) of the cargo trolley (electric hoist), to the control mechanisms of the switches and the electrical devices of the locking devices.
10.7.3. The rails of the crane rail track must be fixed so that when the vehicle moves, their lateral and longitudinal displacement is excluded (except for elastic deformations under load from the moving vehicle). The limiting values of elastic deformations must comply with the requirements given in Appendix 3 to this FNP.
10.7.4. Moving cars and forklifts across the tracks of gantry and tower cranes must be developed by the owner of the cranes, taking into account the intensity of the crossing. At the same time, full responsibility for the industrial safety of such crossings rests with the owner of the cranes.
10.7.5. The intersection of the tracks of gantry, tower and portal cranes with the rail tracks of factory transport can be allowed after the owner of the cranes has developed measures to prevent collisions between running cranes and rolling stock.
The crossing of the track of a portal crane with railway tracks can be allowed after the owner of the cranes has developed measures to prevent collisions between operating cranes and rolling stock and agreed by the organization in charge of organizing traffic on the railway tracks. At the same time, the full responsibility for the industrial safety of such intersections and the organization of traffic on them rests with the owner of the cranes.
10.7.6. The maximum deviations of the crane rail track from the design position specified in the crane operating manual should not exceed the values specified in Appendix 3. Defects in rails and sleepers of the crane rail track should not exceed the rejection criteria given in Appendix 4 to FNP PS.
10.7.7. On each crane rail track, an area must be allocated for parking the substation in non-working condition.
10.7.8. The readiness of the crane rail track for operation must be confirmed by the acceptance certificate of the crane rail track, to which the results of the planned high-altitude survey must be attached.
10.7.9. Checking the condition of the crane rail track and measuring the resistance of its grounding must be carried out in accordance with regulatory documents.
10.8. Load handling devices and containers
10.8.1. Industrial safety requirements for the operation of load handling devices, incl. to conduct Maintenance, repair, reconstruction and modernization must not be lower than the requirements established for similar procedures carried out with the substation, together with which they are used for their intended purpose.
10.8.2. An employee who is appointed to perform hitch work, incl. for hanging on the hook of the substation, slinging and strapping the goods transported by the substation with the use of load-gripping devices, must have a qualification level and be certified as a "slinger".
The same requirement applies to workers of basic professions, who are obliged to hang a load on a hook without preliminary strapping (a load that has loops, eyelets, trunnions, and is also in buckets, buckets and containers or in other containers) or in cases where the load captured by semi-automatic grippers.
10.8.3. Safe use of load handling devices for their intended purpose includes the performance by the owner of the following functions:
A) development of PPR, TC and technological regulations, including slinging schemes, indicating the methods of strapping parts, assemblies and other elements of equipment, the lifting and movement of which during installation, dismantling and repair is carried out by the SS using load-gripping devices, as well as methods of safe tilting of composite parts of equipment, with an indication of the load-gripping devices used;
B) provision of personnel associated with slinging, lifting and moving goods, technological regulations, PPR and TK, which should contain schemes for slinging, warehousing and tilting of goods, loading and unloading vehicles, rolling stock or ships, as well as a list of applicable cargo handling devices;
C) familiarization (against receipt) with the PPR and TC of the specialists responsible for the safe performance of work with the use of PS, as well as slingers and crane operators;
D) provision of slingers with distinctive signs, tested and marked with removable load-gripping devices, corresponding to the mass and nature of the cargo being handled;
E) hanging in the production area of the PS of a list of the main cargo transported by it, indicating their mass. Crane operators and slingers serving jib cranes during construction and installation work should be given such a list;
E) the use of slings 19, individual branches of which satisfy the following safety factors:
at least 6 made of steel ropes;
at least 4 made of steel chains;
at least 7, made of ribbons or woven threads on a polymer base.
10.8.4. Removable load-gripping devices and containers, recognized as unsuitable for use in work, including due to the lack of the necessary marking, as well as load-gripping devices with an expired safe operation (service), should not be located in the places of work.
10.8.5. Slingers should inspect the lifting devices before using them, and the rejection indicators given in their manual (instructions) for operation should be used. For steel ropes of slings, as well as chains of slings, the rejection signs given in Appendices 5 and 6 of these FNP should be used. Rejection signs of textile slings are given in Appendix 6 of these FNP.
10.8.6. To control the technical condition of elements, assemblies and connections of load-gripping devices that cannot be determined in assembled form, their partial disassembly, inspection and revision should be carried out annually, within the time frame determined by the schedule approved by the owner. If signs of cracks are detected on the bushings, in the design elements of the metal structures of the traverses and grips, non-destructive testing methods should be used.
It is advisable to combine the timing of the inspection with the performance of technical inspections of the substation, or current repairs of the substation.
10.8.7. Repair, reconstruction and / or modernization of load gripping devices must be carried out according to the project and technical conditions developed by specialized organizations and containing instructions on the materials used, welding quality control, the procedure for acceptance and execution of documentation based on the results of the repair (reconstruction and / or modernization).
10.8.8. After the overhaul of traverses, grips and grabs, a risk assessment should be carried out, the value of which should not exceed the permissible value. If necessary, technical and organizational measures should be developed to achieve acceptable risk values.
10.8.9. For repaired traverses, grips and grabs that do not meet the requirements of the design (construction) documentation, measures should be developed to ensure the risk values established in the safety justification, taking into account the repair manufacturer's technological processes and control systems.
Slings, after replacing individual elements in them, must comply with the requirements of the design (construction) documentation.
10.8.10. Branches of multi-branch slings and traverses, detachable links, hooks and other easily replaceable (without welding, braiding, crimping and stitching) design elements of load-gripping devices used instead of damaged or worn-out ones, in addition to the required marking, must be provided with a manufacturer's passport, while in the passport the device, the necessary mark must be made, with the simultaneous filing of the passport of the newly installed element to it.
10.8.11. During the operation of removable lifting devices and containers, the owner must periodically inspect them in the following terms:
traverse, pincers, grips and containers - every month;
slings (except for rarely used ones) - every 10 days;
rarely used removable load-handling devices - before issuing them for work.
10.8.12. The results of the inspection of removable load-gripping devices and containers are recorded in the inspection log of load-gripping devices.
10.8.13. The use of tower cranes with tare unloaded by weight is allowed within the classification group (mode) specified in the crane passport, with the number of crane operation cycles not exceeding 8 per hour and the following values of the total mass of tare with the load being moved:
for containers without vibrators (excluding grabs) - within the crane's lifting capacity;
for containers with a vibrator - no more than 50% of the maximum lifting capacity of the crane;
for single-rope grabs that do not allow unloading by weight - no more than 50% of the crane's lifting capacity;
for cranes produced in several versions (differing in the frequency of reserving the cargo rope, tower height or boom length), the maximum lifting capacity should be understood as the largest value of the lifting capacity among all the available versions of this crane.
10.8.14. The installation of vibrators on the container is allowed only with the vertical position of the axis of rotation of the unbalances. The magnitude of the disturbing force of the vibrator should not exceed 4 kN.
10.8.15. Move small-piece cargo only in a special container designed for this, in order to exclude the possibility of individual parts of the cargo falling out. Moving bricks on pallets without fencing is allowed only when unloading (loading) vehicles on the ground (and from the ground); N (400 kgf) or within the limits determined by regulatory documents for containers.
10.8.16. The necessity, conditions and methods of testing load-gripping devices during the operation period should be given in the manufacturer's operational documentation. In the absence of these requirements, the value of the static load during testing of load-gripping devices must exceed their rated carrying capacity by 25%.
10.8.17. When testing multi-branch slings, their branches should be located at an angle of 90 ° vertically to each other.
It is allowed to carry out tests at a different angle with a corresponding conversion of the test loads.
10.8.18. When testing special load-gripping devices, which cannot be hooked with typical test weights, the test procedure must provide for a scheme for the reliable connection of the test load of the required mass to the products for which the load-gripping devices are intended.
The static strength of the grab structure should be checked by symmetrically loading the jaws with a test weight. If it is necessary to gain the mass of the test weight, a part of the previously weighed weight is placed inside the grab, and an additional weight is suspended from the bottom of the jaws. It is also possible to suspend the entire mass of the test weight from the jaws. The suspension scheme is specified in the grab operation manual and is reflected in the test procedure.
When testing the crossheads, the connection scheme (hooks, slinging) of the test load should be arranged in such a way that its design (arrangement of weights) does not interfere with the perception of the main elements of the crosshead metal structure of compressive or bending forces arising when the crossheads are used for their intended purpose in operation.
10.8.19. Static tests of load gripping devices are carried out in the following sequence:
the test load, hooked (covered, strapped) by the tested load-gripping device or suspended from it, with the lowest possible accelerations, raise the PS to a height of 50 ... 100 mm and hold in this position when testing rope and chain slings for 3 minutes, when testing other load-gripping devices - 10 minutes;
after the specified time has elapsed, the test weight is lowered onto the site.
the number of stitched layers of the tape;
absence of defects (abrasions along the surfaces of slings and edges of the tape, longitudinal cuts, tears and punctures of the tape, destruction of the edges of the tape, damage to the stitching).
Ribbon sling made of polymer material It is considered to have passed the load static tests if, during the tests, no rupture of the seams, no loosening or rupture of the bands, no permanent deformations of the end elements or a change in the dimensions of the sling occurred.
10.8.20. The results of static tests of load-gripping devices are revealed after removing the load from them. In the presence of residual deformation, which was the result of testing with a load, the load-gripping device should not be allowed to work until a specialized organization clarifies the reasons for the deformation and determines the possibility of its further work.
Testing is terminated or suspended when emergency, endangering the safety of persons participating in the tests. Continuation of tests is allowed only after elimination of the reasons that caused their termination or suspension.
10.8.21. The results of static load testing of load gripping devices must be documented by a Test Report (protocol). In case of positive results, it must be confirmed that the load-gripping device has passed the tests, meets the requirements of the current regulatory documents and is in good working order. In case of negative results, the Act reflects the identified defects and damages and the probable reasons for their origin.
10.9. Lifting and transporting people 20
10.9.1. Lifting and transporting people using the PS is possible only in the following cases:
during the installation, construction and erection of unique facilities, when other methods of delivering workers to the work area cannot be used;
during installation and maintenance of stand-alone drilling and other oil and gas production units;
at enterprises and docks performing work on the construction and repair of ship hulls;
on oil and gas platforms installed in the open sea, for personnel change, when on a rotational basis maintenance of platforms.
10.9.2. Lifting and transportation of people using the PS is possible only in a safe cradle, designed only for the movement of personnel.
The PS chosen for moving the cradle must meet the following requirements:
have at least a two-fold reserve in terms of carrying capacity, which consists of the following terms: the mass of the cradle + the lifting device of the cradle + the rated carrying capacity of the cradle itself, and not less than four times the margin for the overturning moment (for free-standing boom-type substations).
have a solid bottom (floor) that can withstand a load of at least twice the nominal carrying capacity of the cradle;
have on the outer side of the bottom a ring made of elastic material, which determines the maximum overall dimension of the cradle in the horizontal direction. A ring made of elastic material must absorb all accidental collisions of the cradle when bringing its PS to the vertical structures of the structure to be serviced. When using a cradle for transporting personnel above water (when servicing drilling platforms), the dimensions and position of the elastic ring should be such as to ensure not only the buoyancy of the cradle with the staff, but also to ensure it from overturning in the event of lowering into the water;
have a flexible basket-like structure, woven from synthetic ropes or sewn from slings, to soften possible collisions of personnel when the elastic ring touches possible obstacles. To maintain its shape in the vertical plane, the wicker (sewn) structure must have 3-4 rigid guides. The entry and exit of personnel into the inside of the cradle should be carried out through openings closed by two wide slings with carabiners, which must be fastened in the state of transportation and easily unfastened in case of emergency leaving the cradle;
to be suspended on the PS hook using a special ring, which in the working position must be one-piece;
the suspension ring must be connected by a chain with the ring of the upper parts of the rigid guides of the cradle. For cradles used for transporting personnel over water, to compensate for rolling on waves, between the suspension rings, a shorter elastic rubber element is installed parallel to the chain, which can withstand at least twice the load from a loaded cradle.
the wind speed, measured as an average value, should not exceed 10 m / s;
the crane operator must see the cradle with people during the entire transportation operation, as well as the zone where the cradle starts to rise and fall;
the zones of the beginning of the raising and lowering of the cradle must be free of any foreign objects.
people who need to be moved received clear instructions (under the list) about where to stand, what to hold on to and how to leave the cradle when it lands;
People who are unable to carry on in their usual way (for example, after an accident or incident) move in a recumbent position on a rigid stretcher securely attached to the carrycot and accompanied by two people.
the height of the waves should not exceed 3.5 m (from the crest to the bottom);
restrictions are taken into account, i.e. deck capacity and local dimensions of landing and unloading areas;
the platform manager and the master of the transshipment vessel have concluded that the transfer can be carried out in a safe and reliable manner;
a rescue boat is available for quick launching from a platform or a transshipment vessel;
radio communication with the crane operator and with the bridge / deck of the ship is maintained;
one or two people to be moved should always be accompanied by someone experienced in moving personnel in the cradle;
all persons must have work lifejackets and / or life suits.
10.10. Alarm system during work
10.10.1. The owners (or organizations operating the substation) must establish a procedure for the exchange of signals between slingers and crane operators. Signal signaling and a signal exchange system for radio communication should be included in the production instructions for crane operators and slingers. Recommended signage is given in Appendix 7 of this FNP.
10.10.2. When changing the site of work, crane operators and slingers must be instructed (against receipt) about the sign signaling used at the new site of work.
10.10.3. When erecting buildings and structures with a height of more than 36 m, on which substations are used, two-way radio or telephone communication should be used.
10.11. Industrial safety expertise
10.11.1. Upon completion of the service life, the substation, as well as in the cases stipulated in this article, must undergo an industrial safety examination, the purpose of which is to carry out work on the technical diagnosis of their actual state and to determine the conditions under which it is possible to extend the further operation of the substation.
10.11.2. The need to carry out works on technical diagnostics, which are an integral part of the work on the examination of industrial safety, their volume, composition and nature depend on the service life and type of substation, while the following reasons can be singled out as the main ones:
expiration of the standard service life specified in the PS passport, or the maximum operating time recorded by the parameter recorder installed on the PS;
the presence of defects and damage to the substation (for example, due to force, corrosion, temperature or other influences that can reduce the strength, deformation characteristics of the substation metal structure and worsen the safety performance of the substation as a whole;
an increase in operational loads and impacts on the substation steel structure as a result of repair, reconstruction, modernization and / or an increase in the original dimensions;
identification of deviations from the manufacturer's declared carrying capacity and / or classification group, which reduce the bearing capacity and performance indicators of the PS purpose;
lack of a complete set of operational documentation for the lifting structure (for example, a crane passport, project documentation for the performed repair or modernization);
changing the functional purpose of the substation, for example, when equipping it with an additional load-handling device or load-handling device;
resumption of substation operation after a break of more than 6 months in the absence of conservation;
the presence of deformations of soil foundations, buildings and overpasses (for substations installed in buildings and on overpasses);
the need to assess the state of substations exposed to fire, natural disasters of a natural nature or man-made accidents.
10.12. Requirements for maintaining operational documentation
10.12.1. Prior to the entry into force of the Technical Regulations of the Customs Union TR CU 010/2011 "On the safety of machinery and equipment", the operational documentation complied with the requirements of GOST 2.601. ESKD. Operational documents. After the entry into force of the above regulation, the main regulatory document to which the PS Operation Manual will have to comply will be GOST 30934.1 (ISO 9928 -1) Hoisting cranes. Crane operation manual. Part 1. General provisions.
10.12.2. Drawings and technical conditions for the repair, reconstruction and modernization of the substation, given that these FNP do not apply to design, must be carried out by the developers in accordance with the requirements of GOST 2.601 and 2.602.
10.12.3. Forms of certificates for the certification of crane operators, workers of the main professions, adjusters of indicators, limiters and recorders, as well as
The specialist responsible for the safe operation of the substation;
A specialist responsible for maintaining the PS in a working condition;
The specialist responsible for the safe performance of work with the use of PS will be of a recommendatory nature, similar requirements for the logbooks and registration of load-gripping devices, forms of work-permits, etc.
With the introduction of new rules to replace the already familiar ones (colloquially called “rules for cranes”), a number of questions (in fact, similar issues under the previously existing rules) arose regarding the certification of workers and the appointment of workers responsible for certain areas of supervision and operation: “ Who and for what exactly is appointed responsible if there are lifting structures in the organization?», « How and what should the responsible employees be certified for??», « Are the correct areas of approval for lifting structures?».
Clause 23 of the "Safety Rules for Hazardous Production Facilities Using Lifting Structures" directly indicates the need for the appointment:
- a specialist responsible for the implementation of production control during the operation of the substation;
- a specialist responsible for maintaining the PS in a working condition;
- a specialist responsible for the safe performance of work using PS.
The responsibilities of the last two can be assigned to one employee (if work is carried out within the same workshop or site).
The areas of certification of workers are determined in accordance with the order of Rostechnadzor No. 233 dated April 6, 2012 (section B9 "Industrial safety requirements for lifting structures"). Please note that by order of Rostekhnadzor No. 403 dated 03.09.2014 this section clarified and presented in a different edition.
Thus, the employee should be certified (in accordance with the rules of the order of Rostechnadzor No. 37 of January 29, 2007, concerning the training and certification of employees at the facilities supervised by Rostechnadzor), based on the activities of the enterprise, in the following directions ("letters"):
|
B.9.22. |
Certification of specialists of organizations supervising the safe operation of escalators in subways |
|
B.9.23. |
Certification of members of certification commissions of organizations operating escalators in subways |
|
B.9.27. |
Industrial safety certification for ropeway managers and specialists |
|
B.9.28. |
Industrial safety certification of ropeway managers |
|
B.9.31. |
Operation of hazardous production facilities that use lifting structures designed to lift and move loads |
|
B.9.32. |
Operation of hazardous production facilities that use lifting structures designed to lift and transport people |
|
B.9.33. |
Installation, adjustment, repair, reconstruction or modernization of lifting structures during the operation of hazardous production facilities |
In accordance with clause 153 of Rostekhnadzor Order No. 533 dated November 12, 2013, periodic testing of knowledge of job descriptions and rules for lifting structures of responsible specialists should be carried out in accordance with the administrative act of the operating organization and carried out by its commission. Please note that the list of areas does not include a separate “certification of members of certification commissions” for lifting structures. Thus, there is no need to create a separate commission - you can check knowledge in the same attestation commission, created in accordance with the requirements of the Order of Rostekhnadzor No. 37 dated January 29, 2007 ("Regulations on the organization of work on the training and certification of specialists from organizations supervised by the Federal Service for Environmental, Technological and Nuclear Supervision"). True, its members must be certified in the territorial body of Rostechnadzor for the same areas B.9 (for branches of organizations - in the commission of the central or head organization).
Separately, we note that clause 11 of the "Regulations ..." (approved by the Order of Rostekhnadzor No. 37 of January 29, 2007) allows certification of contractors' specialists in the commission of the customer organization.
Sample orders (approximate):
ORDER (sample)
On the appointment of a specialist responsible for the implementation of production control during the operation of the substation
- Appoint _________ (position, full name) responsible for the implementation of production control during the operation of lifting structures. During vacation, business trip, illness or in other cases of absence, the fulfillment of the duties of the person responsible for the implementation of production control during the operation of lifting structures is assigned to ___________ (position, full name).
- Production control must be carried out in accordance with the Rules for the organization and implementation of production control over compliance with industrial safety requirements at a hazardous production facility, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation dated March 10, 1999 N 263, "Regulations on the organization of production control at the enterprise" (approved by Order No. __ from ___), other local acts of the enterprise.
- ________ (position, full name of the persons specified in clause 1) is / is not a member of the production control commission.
ORDER (sample)
On the appointment of a specialist responsible for maintaining the PS in a working condition
In accordance with clause 23 of the Safety Rules for HIFs where lifting structures are used (approved by Order of Rostechnadzor No. 533 dated November 12, 2013) I ORDER:
- Appoint _________ (position, full name) responsible for the maintenance of the lifting structures in a working condition. During vacation, business trip, illness, or in other cases of absence, the duties of the responsible person are assigned to ___________ (position, full name).
- In their work, the persons designated by paragraph 1 of this order should be guided by the "Safety Rules for HIFs on which lifting structures are used" (approved by Order of Rostekhnadzor No. 533 dated 12.11.2013), technical documentation for lifting structures, production instructions and other local acts of the enterprise.
- ________ (position, full name of the persons specified in clause 1) to get acquainted with the specified documents against signature no later than ______ (date).
- The Chairman of the Attestation Commission / Head of the Personnel Training Department shall organize training and / or knowledge testing (certification) for __________ (position, full name of the persons specified in clause 1) no later than ________ (date).
- Control over compliance with the order is entrusted to __________ (position, full name).
ORDER (sample)
On the appointment of a specialist responsible for the safe performance of work with the use of lifting structures
In accordance with clause 23 of the Safety Rules for HIFs where lifting structures are used (approved by Order of Rostechnadzor No. 533 dated November 12, 2013) I ORDER:
- Appoint _________ (position, full name) responsible for the safe performance of work with the use of lifting equipment. During vacation, business trip, illness, or in other cases of absence, the duties of the responsible person are assigned to ___________ (position, full name).
- In their work, the persons designated by clause 1 of this order should be guided by the "Safety Rules for HIFs on which lifting structures are used" (approved by Order of Rostechnadzor No. 533 dated 12.11.2013), regulations on labor protection when working with the use of lifting structures , technical documentation for lifting structures, production instructions, labor protection instructions and other local acts of the enterprise.
- ________ (position, full name of the persons specified in clause 1) to get acquainted with the specified documents against signature no later than ______ (date).
- The Chairman of the Attestation Commission / Head of the Personnel Training Department shall organize training and / or knowledge testing (certification) for __________ (position, full name of the persons specified in clause 1) no later than ________ (date).
- Control over compliance with the order is entrusted to __________ (position, full name).
In conclusion, we note that in addition to specialists for the management of the substation and their maintenance by order (decree), crane operators (operators), their assistants, locksmiths and adjusters of indicators, limiters and recorders are necessarily appointed, and for servicing a substation with an electric drive, in addition, electricians are also ...
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1. GENERAL PROVISIONS
1.1. In accordance with the requirements of "" approved. By order of the Federal Service for Environmental, Technological and Nuclear Supervision of November 12, 2013 No. 533 (hereinafter - FNP), the responsibility for the safe performance of work using PS is assigned to certified specialists with appropriate qualifications.
1.2. Specialists responsible for the safe production of work using PS are appointed by order of the organization, after attestation in the attestation commission and the issuance of job descriptions (against signature).
Periodic certification of specialists responsible for the safe production of work with the use of PS is carried out once every five years.
1.3. The names of the persons in charge must be indicated on a plate posted in a conspicuous place on the permanent work site. A copy of the order on the appointment of responsible persons must be located at the site of the work.
1.4. During vacation, business trip, illness and in other cases of absence of the responsible person, the execution of his duties is assigned by order to another employee with the appropriate qualifications.
1.5. The specialist responsible for the safe performance of work using the PS must know:
1.5.1. Requirements of regulatory documents in the field of industrial safety.
1.5.2. Electrical safety requirements for the organization and conduct of work with the use of PS.
1.5.3. Job description for a specialist responsible for the production of work, using the PS.
1.5.4. Labor protection, safety and production instructions for service personnel
1.5.5. Requirements for projects for the production of construction and installation works and flow charts for the production of work using PS
1.5.6. Requirements for removable load-gripping devices and containers, the procedure for their selection and use
1.5.7. Rejection rates for load handling devices, containers, steel ropes and chains.
Organization and production procedure construction and assembly and loading and unloading operations using PS.
1.5.8. The procedure for storing goods.
1.5.9. Requirements for the installation of mobile PS.
1.5.10. General information on the arrangement of the substation (their parameters and cargo characteristics, the purpose of safety devices, stability during operation, etc.).
1.5.11. Requirements for rail tracks.
1.5.12. Requirements for the organization and provision of safe work with the use of substations near power lines
1.5.13. Signal signaling used when moving goods using the PS.
1.5.14. Organization of production control and safe service of substations
1.5.15. The procedure for issuing and issuing work permits in cases provided for by the FNP.
2. OBLIGATIONS
2.1. The specialist responsible for the production of work using the PS is obliged to:
2.1.1. Instruct the operating personnel on the safe performance of the work ahead.
2.1.2. Ensure that maintenance personnel have production instructions and personal protective equipment
2.1.3. Do not allow untrained and uncertified personnel to service the aircraft.
2.1.4. Determine the number of slingers, as well as the need to appoint signalmen during the operation of the substation.
2.1.5. Do not allow for use unmarked, defective or not corresponding to the nature and weight of the cargo, removable lifting devices and containers. Remove from the place of production of work defective load-handling devices and containers.
2.1.6. Indicate to crane operators and slingers the place, procedure and dimensions of storage of goods.
2.1.7. Directly supervise the work when loading and unloading gondola cars when moving cargo by several substations, near power lines, inside an existing workshop, when moving cargo using a substation over the floors, under which production or office premises are located, where people may be, when moving cargo that is not slinging schemes have been developed, as well as in other cases provided for by work projects or flow charts.
2.1.8. Do not allow work to be carried out without a work permit in the cases provided for.
2.1.9. Provide workers with the necessary tools and devices for the safe performance of work using PS.
2.1.10. Control the fulfillment by the service personnel of the requirements of instructions, work production projects and flow charts.
2.1.11. Avoid the installation of mobile substations on freshly poured, not rammed soil and sites with a slope exceeding that specified in the passport.
2.1.12. To post a list of the main cargo transported by the SS with an indication of their mass at the place of work. Crane operators and slingers servicing jib cranes during construction and installation work should hand out a list; if there are no individual cargoes in the list, give the crane operator information about their weight.
2.1.13. Determine the places of storage of goods, provide them with the necessary technological equipment and devices (cassettes, pyramids, racks, ladders, supports, linings, gaskets, guy wires, etc.) and instruct crane operators and slingers regarding the order and dimensions of storage of goods.
2.1.14. Avoid the operation of the PS if there is no record of its serviceability in the waybill and the logbook.
2.1.15. Control the availability of slinging schemes at the work sites using PS, graphic images of methods for slinging, strapping and hooking loads, as well as methods for safe tilting of goods, when such an operation is performed using PS.
2.1.16. Prevent the movement of PS bricks on pallets without fencing. It is allowed to lift bricks on pallets without fencing when loading and unloading vehicles on the ground.
2.1.17. Avoid the presence of people in the cab and in the body of the vehicle during its loading and unloading.
2.1.18. Do not allow the supply of materials, products to window and other openings without receiving platforms.
2.1.19. Comply with the instructions of the Rostechnadzor inspector and the specialist responsible for the production control during the operation of the substation
2.1.20. Avoid landing in a container raised by the aircraft and people in it.
2.1.21. Do not allow people to stay under the crane boom when lifting and lowering it without load.
2.1.22. Do not allow the use of vehicles for hauling loads.
2.1.23. Inspect removable load-gripping devices within the time frame provided for by the FNP.
2.1.24. Remove from service damaged removable load handling devices.
2.1.25. Issue a decision on the commissioning of mobile substations (with a record of permission in the logbook) after moving them to a new facility.
2.1.26. Make decisions on the commissioning of load-handling devices and containers (with an entry in a special journal)
2.1.27. Do not allow the load to be suspended during a long break or at the end of work. When a substation operates near a power transmission line or inside an existing workshop, a specialist responsible for the safe performance of work using a substation must:
2.2.1. Indicate to the driver the location of the mobile PS.
2.2.2. Organize work in accordance with the project, technological map and attire admission.
2.2.3. To acquaint the personnel with the safety measures specified in the work permit on receipt.
2.2.4 Ensure the implementation of measures for the safe conduct of work specified in the work permit.
2.2.5. At each rearrangement of mobile substations, check the correctness of its installation, the implementation of the activities specified in the work permit and issue the driver a permit to operate the crane with an entry in the logbook.
2.2.6. Constantly monitor the observance of safety measures by the fixing personnel.
2.2.7. When instructing drivers and slingers, the person responsible for the safe operation of cranes should pay special attention to:
2.3.1. The inadmissibility of people being under the moving load and near the operating jib crane in order to avoid people being trapped between the slewing and non-slewing parts of the crane and injuring them with the load.
2.3.2. The need to comply with the methods of slinging, hooking loads and the correct use of lifting devices and containers.
2.3.3. Inadmissibility of moving people or cargo with people on it by crane.
2.3.4. Inadmissibility of pulling loads on the ground, floor or rails by a crane hook, as well as moving loads when the load ropes are inclined.
2.3.5. The inadmissibility of lifting by a crane a load covered with earth or frozen to the ground, laid by other loads, reinforced with bolts or filled with concrete, as well as metal and slag frozen in a furnace or welded after draining.
2.3.6. Correct installation of jib cranes (site requirements, dimensions, etc.).
2.3.7. Inadmissibility of SS overload.
2.3.8. The need to comply with safety requirements when working with jib cranes near the power line and inside the existing workshop, the prohibition of the installation of cranes to work under the wires of the existing power line.
2.3.9. Inadmissibility of people being on the rolling stock during its loading and unloading by cranes.
2.3.10. Compliance with the established procedure for performing work related to the entry of overhead cranes onto the track.
2.3.11. The need to comply with the requirements of work production projects and flow charts.
2.3.12. Compliance with safety measures when slinging and moving explosive and fire hazardous or poisonous goods.
2.3.13. Danger of being trapped between the transported goods and structures, equipment, stacks of goods, etc.
2.4. The person responsible for the safe performance of work with cranes is obliged to stop the operation of the crane when:
2.4.1. Wind speeds exceeding the permissible for a given crane (it is necessary to require the crane operator to take measures to prevent theft of the crane by the wind), snowfall, rain or fog, thunderstorms, at temperatures below that specified in the passport and in other cases when the crane operator does not distinguish well between the signals of the slinger or the cargo being moved.
2.4.2. Revealed in technical condition crane of dangerous defects, malfunctions (damage and destruction of metal structures, malfunction of brakes, safety devices, damage to ropes of blocks, drums).
2.4.3. Inadmissible subsidence and identification of other dangerous defects of the crane runway.
2.4.4. Lack of trained and certified drivers and slingers.
2.4.5. Lack of necessary lifting devices and containers.
2.4.6. The expiration of the period of the technical examination or the standard service life of the crane.
2.4.7. Insufficient illumination of the work site with a crane.
2.4.8. The emergence of other reasons affecting the safety of work.
2.4.9. His forced absence during the operation of the crane along the line - admission near the power line, inside the existing workshop and in other cases provided for by the projects for the production of work.
3. ACTION IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS
3.1. In the event of an accident or an accident during crane operation, the person responsible for the safe performance of work by cranes must report the incident to his manager and ensure the safety of the situation at the scene of the accident or accident, if this does not pose a danger to the life and health of people.
3.2. Take measures to provide medical assistance to victims.
4. RIGHTS
4.1. The specialist responsible for the safe production using the PS is responsible and has the right to:
4.1.1. To suspend from the performance of work the personnel who allowed the increase in the requirements of production instructions during the operation of the substation.
4.1.2. Asking the management about imposition disciplinary action for workers who violate the requirements of production instructions during the operation of the substation.
5. LIABILITY
5.1. The specialist responsible for safe production with the use of PS is responsible within the limits determined by the current legislation of the Russian Federation for:
5.1.1. The violations of the FPN committed by him and regardless of whether it led or not to an accident or an accident.
5.1.2. Violation of instructions by subordinate personnel.
5.1.3. Issuance to them of instructions or orders forcing subordinate employees to violate the financial tax and the requirements of the production instructions.
5.1.4. Unauthorized resumption of work by cranes stopped by order officials Federal Service for Environmental, Technological and Nuclear Supervision or a specialist responsible for the implementation of production control during the operation of the substation.
101. Execution of construction and installation works, loading and unloading works on existing communications, roadways or in cramped conditions (conditions under which a restriction of the area of movement of substations and goods is required) at HIFs with the use of substations should be carried out in accordance with the PPR developed by the operating or a specialized organization in accordance with the requirements of paragraphs 159 - these FNP.
To perform work on installation, dismantling, repair of equipment using PS, PPR and TK should also be developed. PPR and TK for the specified work must contain, including:
slinging diagrams of parts, assemblies and other elements of equipment, the movement of which during installation, dismantling and repair is carried out by the substation;
methods of safe tilting of equipment with an indication of the load-gripping devices used;
requirements for the location of slingers and signalmen when tilting and moving PS parts, assemblies, equipment elements.
PPR and TC developed by a specialized organization must be agreed and approved by the organization operating the substation.
Responsibility for the quality and compliance with industrial safety requirements of the PPR and TC is their developer.
The operation of the substation with deviations from the requirements of the PPR and TC is not allowed. Amendments to the PPR and TC are carried out by the developer of the PPR and TC.
102. Loading and unloading operations and warehousing of goods using PS at bases, warehouses, open areas in cases, except for the cases specified in paragraph 101 of these FNP, must be carried out in accordance with the TC developed in accordance with the requirements of paragraphs 159 - these FNP.
The developer is responsible for the quality and compliance with the industrial safety requirements of the TC.
The operation of the substation with deviations from the requirements of the TC is not allowed. Changes to the TC are carried out by the TC developer.
103. Installation of substation in buildings, in open areas and other areas of work should be carried out in accordance with the manual (instruction) for the operation of the substation and the requirements of these FNP.
104. The device of the rail track for the installation of the substation must be made in accordance with the project developed taking into account the requirements of the manual (instructions) for the operation of the substation and paragraphs 202 - these FNP.
In the spans of buildings where overhead bridge cranes with a classification (mode) group A6 and more are installed, as well as on overpasses for cranes (except for single-girder cranes with electric hoists), galleries must be arranged for passage along the rail track on both sides of the span.
In the spans of buildings where overhead bridge cranes with a classification (mode) group of less than A6 are installed, in the absence of galleries for passage along the rail track, horizontal safety ropes should be installed on both sides of the span.
(see text in previous edition)
105. Substation must be installed in such a way that when lifting the load, it is not necessary to pre-pull it with an inclined position of the load ropes and there is a possibility of moving the load (load-gripping device or load-gripping device without load), raised at least 500 mm higher than the structures encountered on the way , equipment, stacks of cargo, rolling stock boards and other items.
The booms of cranes and manipulator cranes during their movement must also be at least 500 mm higher than structures, equipment, cargo piles, rolling stock sides, objects on the way.
When installing the substation, controlled from the floor or by radio, there must be a free passage along the entire route of the substation for the employee who manages the substation.
(see text in previous edition)
106. Installation of cranes over production premises for lifting and lowering loads through a hatch (opening) in the ceiling is allowed when one room is located directly above another.
The hatch in the ceiling must have a permanent guardrail with a height of at least 1000 mm with a continuous guardrail down to a height of 100 mm with a mandatory light signaling device (luminous inscription), warning both about the presence of a load above the hatch and about lowering the load, as well as the presence of inscriptions, prohibiting the presence of people under the cargo being moved.
(see text in previous edition)
107. Installation of cranes moving on an elevated rail track must be carried out in compliance with the following requirements:
a) the distance from the top point of the crane to the ceiling of the building, the bottom chord of the trusses or items attached to them must be at least 100 mm;
b) the distance from the flooring of the platforms and the gallery of the supporting crane, with the exception of the flooring of the end beams and trolleys, to the continuous overlap or filing of the roof, to the lower chord of the rafter trusses and the items attached to them, as well as to the bottom point of the crane working tier above, should be at least 1800 mm;
c) the distance from the protruding parts of the ends of the crane to the columns, walls of the building and the railings of the walk-through galleries must be at least 60 mm. This distance is set when the crane wheels are symmetrically positioned relative to the rail;
d) the distance from the lowest point of the crane (not counting the lifting device) to the floor of the workshop or sites where people can be during crane operation (except for sites intended for crane repair) must be at least 2000 mm. The distance between the lower dimension point of the crane cabin and the workshop floor must be at least 2000 mm or (in justified cases) from 500 to 1000 mm.
If the cab of the stacker crane moves along special guides using a pick on the moving part of the column (forklift) or its own lifting mechanism, then getting into and out of the cab should be carried out only in the lower position of the cab. In this case, the vertical distance from the cabin floor to the floor of the room should not exceed 250 mm;
(see text in previous edition)
e) the distance from the lower protruding parts of the crane (not counting the lifting device) to the equipment located in the area of operation must be at least 400 mm;
f) the distance from the protruding parts of the control cab and the cab for servicing trolleys to the wall, equipment, pipelines, protruding parts of the building, columns, roofs of utility rooms and other objects relative to which the cab moves, must be at least 400 mm;
g) when installing stacker cranes, the following conditions must be met:
the vertical distance from the floor or from the top of the vehicle platform to the bottom point of the non-extendable part of the column must be at least 100 mm;
the vertical distance from the bottom point of the stacker crane bridge to the top of the racks located in the crane operation area must be at least 100 mm;
when stacker cranes are operating in the aisles between the racks, the lateral clearances between the parts of the stacker cranes located in the aisle (with a load on the gripper) must be at least:
150 mm on each side when working with loads on standard pallets, as well as with a load length of up to 4 m (for stacker cranes with a lifting capacity of up to 1 t, stacker cranes operated from the floor, when working with loads on standard pallets, 75 mm is allowed on each side);
200 mm on each side with a load length of 4 to 6 m;
300 mm on each side with a load length of more than 6 m.
108. The horizontal distance between the protruding parts of the crane moving along the overhead crane track and buildings, stacks of cargo and other objects located at a height of up to 2000 mm from the ground level or working platforms must be at least 700 mm, and at a height of more than 2000 mm - not less than 400 mm.
The vertical distance from the counterweight console or from the counterweight located under the tower crane console to areas where people can be located should be at least 2000 mm.
109. Installation of electric hoists and monorail trolleys with automatic or semi-automatic control, in which the specified substation is not accompanied by a crane operator or operator, should exclude the possibility of the load touching building elements, equipment and stacks of cargo.
The presence of people should be excluded on the route of the specified SS. Above the carriageway and above the walkways for people, safety ceilings (mesh) must be installed, capable of withstanding the falling load.
110. Installation of cranes moving on a rail track in the security zone of overhead power lines must be agreed with the owner of the line. The approval for such an installation for the performance of construction and installation works should be kept together with the PPR.
111. Installation of boom cranes, loader cranes, hoists (towers) should be carried out on a planned and prepared site, taking into account the category and nature of the soil. It is not allowed to install such substations for work on freshly poured un-rammed soil, as well as on a site with a slope exceeding that specified in the passport and (or) operating manual.
(see text in previous edition)
112. Installation of boom-type cranes, loader cranes, hoists (towers) should be carried out so that during operation the distance between the slewing part of such a substation in any position, including in a loaded state, and buildings, stacks of cargo and other objects is not less than 1000 mm.
(see text in previous edition)
113. Installation of the substation on outriggers should be carried out in accordance with the requirements established in the manuals (instructions) for the operation of the substation. In the absence of requirements in the manuals (instructions) for the operation of the PS, it is installed on all outriggers.
(see text in previous edition)
114. Boom-type cranes, manipulator cranes, hoists (towers) at the edge of the slope of the pit (ditch) must be installed in compliance with the distances specified in Table 2, given in Appendix No. 2 to this FNP. With a pit depth of more than 5 m and the impossibility of observing the distances indicated in the table, the slope must be strengthened in accordance with the PPR.
(see text in previous edition)
115. Installation and operation of boom-type cranes, manipulator cranes, hoists (towers) at a distance of less than 30 m from the extreme wire of an overhead power line or overhead electrical network with a voltage of more than 50 V are carried out only according to a permit that determines safe working conditions.
When carrying out work in the security zone of an overhead power transmission line or within the gaps, a work permit is issued only with the permission of the organization operating the power transmission line.
The order of operation of boom-type cranes, loader cranes, hoists (towers) near the overhead power line made with a flexible insulated cable is determined by the owner of the line.
The validity period of the work permit is determined by the organization that issued it.
The work permit is issued to the crane operator (hoist driver, operator) before starting work. Information about the issued work-permits must be entered in the journal for issuing work-permits.
The work of jib-type cranes, loader cranes, hoists (towers) near the overhead power line should be carried out under the direct supervision of a specialist responsible for the safe performance of work using the PS, who must indicate to the crane operator (hoist driver, operator) the location of the PS, ensure the fulfillment of the stipulated work permit and make an entry in the PS logbook about the work permit.
The operation of jib-type cranes, loader cranes under non-disconnected contact wires of public transport should be carried out while observing the distance between the crane / loader crane and the contact wires of at least 1 m when installing a limiter (stop) that does not allow reducing the specified distance when lifting the boom.
(see text in previous edition)
116. In cases where work with the use of boom-type cranes, manipulator cranes, hoists (towers) is carried out at operating power plants, substations and power lines, a work permit for work near energized wires and equipment is issued by the organization operating the power plant, substation, power line. In this case, the use of the SS is allowed only if the distance by air from the SS or from its retractable or lifting part, as well as from the working body or the load being lifted in any position to the nearest live wire, is not less than the one specified in Table 3 of the Appendix N 2 and table 2 of Appendix N 12 to this FNP.
(see text in previous edition)
117. When moving aircraft cargo, the following requirements must be observed:
start lifting the load, having previously raised it to a height of no more than 200 - 300 mm, followed by a stop to check the correct slinging and the reliability of the brake;
do not move the load when people are under it. It is allowed for the slinger to be near the load during its lifting or lowering, if the load is raised to a height of no more than 1000 mm from the level of the platform;
move small-piece cargo only in a specially designed container in order to exclude the possibility of individual parts of the cargo falling out. Moving bricks on pallets without fencing is allowed only when unloading (loading) vehicles on the ground (and from the ground);
do not start lifting a load whose mass is unknown;
carry out horizontal movement from the lowest point of the load (as well as an empty load-handling device or load-handling device and crane boom elements) 500 mm higher than objects encountered on the way;
lower the load being moved only to the designated place, where the possibility of falling, overturning or sliding of the dropped load is excluded.
For easy removal of slings from under the load, its lowering and storage should be carried out on pads of appropriate strength and thickness. Stowage and subsequent disassembly of the cargo should be carried out evenly, without violating the dimensions established for storing the cargo, and without blocking the aisles;
do not allow the load to be suspended during breaks or at the end of work. Upon completion of the work, the substation must be brought into a safe position in non-operating condition in accordance with the requirements of the manual (instruction) for operation;
(see text in previous edition)
it is allowed to tilt loads using PS only on tilting platforms equipped with a shock-absorbing surface, or on weight according to a previously developed PPR.
When turning the load, the following additional safety measures should be taken:
in order to prevent pinching, the slinger is prohibited from staying between the load and a wall or other obstacle, while the slinger must be on the side of the tilted load at a distance equal to the height of the load plus 1 meter;
(see text in previous edition)
tilting heavy loads and loads of complex configuration only under the guidance of a specialist responsible for the safe performance of work with the use of PS; when carrying out tilting operations, "heavy loads" are considered to be loads weighing more than 75% of the passport carrying capacity of a substation, and "loads of complex configuration" are loads with a shift in the center of gravity.
(see text in previous edition)
For turning parts of serial and mass production it is necessary to use special positioners.
118. In the process of performing work with the use of PS, it is not allowed:
(see text in previous edition)
finding people, including service personnel of the substation, in places where it is possible to squeeze them between parts of the substation and other structures, objects and equipment;
(see text in previous edition)
moving a load in an unstable position or suspended by one horn of a two-horned hook;
lifting a load covered with earth or frozen to the ground, laid by other loads, bolted or filled with concrete, as well as metal and slag frozen in a furnace or welded after being drained;
pulling the load along the ground, floor or rails by means of substation hooks with an inclined position of the cargo ropes (without the use of guide blocks that ensure the vertical position of the cargo ropes);
release of slings, ropes or chains pinched by the load with the use of PS;
pulling the load during its lifting, moving and lowering. Guys are used only for turning long and bulky goods during their movement;
alignment of the transported load by hand, as well as changing the position of the slings on the suspended load;
delivery of cargo to window openings, balconies and loggias without special receiving areas or special devices;
the use of containers for transporting people;
finding people under the boom of the SS when lifting and lowering it with and without load;
lifting the load directly from the place of its installation (from the ground, platform, stack) only by the boom telescoping mechanism;
the use of limiters of mechanisms as working bodies for automatic stopping of mechanisms, if this is not provided for by the manual (instruction) for the operation of the PS;
(see text in previous edition)
PS operation with disconnected or inoperative limiters, recorders, indicators, brakes;
(see text in previous edition)
switching on the PS mechanisms when people are on the PS swing platform outside the cab;
movement of people by freight construction hoists;
(see text in previous edition)
(see text in previous edition)
moving the chassis of the lift (tower) with people or cargo in the cradle. Self-propelled lifts (towers), for example, scissor-type, which are controlled from the cradle, including when moving the lift around the site, this requirement does not apply;
raising and lowering the cradle by the lifter, if the entrance to it is not closed by the locking device;
dropping tools, loads and other objects from a cradle at a height.
Allowed:
movement of lifts and towers used on railway and (or) tramway tracks to check the condition and installation contact network, checking the condition of bridges, overpasses;
movement of lifts and towers with people along the contact network or bridge structures, while work must be performed at a minimum speed in accordance with the requirements of the PPR developed for this in accordance with paragraphs 159 - of these FNP.
119. Turning the load by hand is allowed provided that the load is lifted to a height of not more than 1000 mm, and in other cases, including when turning long loads, only with the help of guys or hooks.
120. When operating a PS controlled from the floor or by radio (from a pendant or portable control panel remote control), along the entire route of the substation, free passage must be provided for the employee who manages the substation.
(see text in previous edition)
121. Exits to rail tracks, galleries of overhead cranes in operation must be closed (equipped with locking devices). The admission of personnel to the tracks and walk-through galleries of operating bridge cranes must be carried out according to an admission permit that determines the conditions for the safe production of work.
(see text in previous edition)
122. For each workshop (span) not equipped with walk-through galleries along the rail track, where bridge cranes work, the operating organization develops measures for the safe lowering of crane operators from the cab in case of a forced stop of the crane not at the landing site. These measures are indicated in the production instructions for crane operators.
123. The use of overhead cranes (from the sites available on the crane) for the production of construction, painting and other works must be carried out according to a permit that determines industrial safety measures to prevent a fall from a crane caused by a sudden start of movement of a crane or its load trolley, hitting a neighboring crane , as well as electric shock, falling when entering the track or crane girders. During the performance of these works, it is prohibited to move loads by crane.
124. Substation in operation must be provided with plates with the designation of the registration number (the registration number is assigned to the substation by the territorial body of the Federal Service for Environmental, Technological and Nuclear Supervision or another federal executive body in the field of industrial safety, which, in accordance with the established procedure, has been granted the right to register subordinate facilities in the state register of hazardous production facilities), the serial number of the PS, the passport capacity and the dates of the next full and partial technical surveys.
(see text in previous edition)
125. The operating organization must ensure that the following industrial safety requirements are met:
to determine the procedure for the allocation and direction of self-propelled substations to objects according to the requests of third-party organizations. At the same time, the responsibility for ensuring industrial safety requirements during the operation of the substation is borne by the organization that allocated the substation for the work;
(see text in previous edition)
ensure compliance with the industrial safety requirements of installed substations that are inoperative, while the substation must be de-energized and measures must be taken to prevent it from being hijacked by the wind;
ensure the performance checks of the performance of indicators, limiters and recorders of the substation within the time limits established by their manuals (instructions) for operation;
establish the procedure for sealing and locking the protective panels of the valves with a lock;
provide entry to and descent from overhead cranes through the landing site. Entering the control cabin of the overhead crane through the bridge is allowed only in cases where direct landing in the cabin is impossible due to structural or production reasons... In this case, the entrance to the crane should be arranged in a specially designated place through a door in the railing of the bridge, equipped with an electrical interlock, when triggered, the PS should be turned off, and a sound signal should be automatically generated. For magnetic cranes, the entrance to the control cabin through the bridge is not allowed, unless the trolleys supplying the cargo electromagnet are fenced or located in a place inaccessible to contact and are not disconnected by electrical interlocking of the crane entrance door;
(see text in previous edition)
develop and issue to the place of work PPR or TC (in accordance with the instructions
